程式師世界 >> 編程語言 >> C語言 >> C++ >> C++入門知識 >> VC++ 創建Windows服務

VC++ 創建Windows服務

編輯：C++入門知識

首先，附上Windows創建服務的源代碼，這個很好用的，大家一般都是選擇的這個使用。

[cpp]
#include"XXXX.h" //包含的頭文件

//定義全局函數變量
void Init();
BOOL IsInstalled();
BOOL Install();
BOOL Uninstall();
void LogEvent(LPCTSTR pszFormat, ...);
void WINAPI ServiceMain();
void WINAPI ServiceStrl(DWORD dwOpcode);

TCHAR szServiceName[] = _T("WatchDog");
BOOL bInstall;
SERVICE_STATUS_HANDLE hServiceStatus;
SERVICE_STATUS status;
DWORD dwThreadID;

int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
                     int       nCmdShow)
{
    Init();

    dwThreadID = ::GetCurrentThreadId();

    SERVICE_TABLE_ENTRY st[] =
    {
        { szServiceName, (LPSERVICE_MAIN_FUNCTION)ServiceMain },
        { NULL, NULL }
    };

    if (stricmp(lpCmdLine, "/install") == 0)
        {
           Install();
        }
    else if (stricmp(lpCmdLine, "/uninstall") == 0)
        {
            Uninstall();
        }
    else
        {
         if (!::StartServiceCtrlDispatcher(st))
        {
            LogEvent(_T("Register Service Main Function Error!"));
        }
      }

    return 0;
}
//*********************************************************
//Functiopn:            Init
//Description:          初始化
//Calls:                main
//          <author>niying <time>2006-8-10      <version>     <desc>
//*********************************************************
void Init()
{
    hServiceStatus = NULL;
    status.dwServiceType = SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS|SERVICE_INTERACTIVE_PROCESS;
    status.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_START_PENDING;
    status.dwControlsAccepted = SERVICE_ACCEPT_STOP;
    status.dwWin32ExitCode = 0;
    status.dwServiceSpecificExitCode = 0;
    status.dwCheckPoint = 0;
    status.dwWaitHint = 0;
}

//*********************************************************
//Functiopn:            ServiceMain
//Description:          服務主函數，這在裡進行控制對服務控制的注冊
//          <author>niying <time>2006-8-10      <version>     <desc>
//*********************************************************
void WINAPI ServiceMain()
{
    // Register the control request handler
    status.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_START_PENDING;
    status.dwControlsAccepted = SERVICE_ACCEPT_STOP;

    //注冊服務控制
    hServiceStatus = RegisterServiceCtrlHandler(szServiceName, ServiceStrl);
    if (hServiceStatus == NULL)
    {
        LogEvent(_T("Handler not installed"));
        return;
    }
    SetServiceStatus(hServiceStatus, &status);

    status.dwWin32ExitCode = S_OK;
    status.dwCheckPoint = 0;
    status.dwWaitHint = 0;
    status.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_RUNNING;
    SetServiceStatus(hServiceStatus, &status);

    //模擬服務的運行。應用時將主要任務放於此即可
        //可在此寫上服務需要執行的代碼，一般為死循環
      while(1)
    {
           //循環干什麼
     }
    status.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_STOPPED;
    SetServiceStatus(hServiceStatus, &status);
    OutputDebugString(_T("Service stopped"));
}

//*********************************************************
//Functiopn:            ServiceStrl
//Description:          服務控制主函數，這裡實現對服務的控制，
//                      當在服務管理器上停止或其它操作時，將會運行此處代碼
//Calls:
//Called By:
//Table Accessed:
//Table Updated:
//Input:                dwOpcode：控制服務的狀態
//Output:
//Return:
//Others:
//History:
//          <author>niying <time>2006-8-10      <version>     <desc>
//*********************************************************
void WINAPI ServiceStrl(DWORD dwOpcode)
{
    switch (dwOpcode)
    {
    case SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP:
        status.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_STOP_PENDING;
        SetServiceStatus(hServiceStatus, &status);
        PostThreadMessage(dwThreadID, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0);
        break;
    case SERVICE_CONTROL_PAUSE:
        break;
    case SERVICE_CONTROL_CONTINUE:
        break;
    case SERVICE_CONTROL_INTERROGATE:
        break;
    case SERVICE_CONTROL_SHUTDOWN:
        break;
    default:
        LogEvent(_T("Bad service request"));
        OutputDebugString(_T("Bad service request"));
    }
}
//*********************************************************
//Functiopn:            IsInstalled
//Description:          判斷服務是否已經被安裝
//          <author>niying <time>2006-8-10      <version>     <desc>
//*********************************************************
BOOL IsInstalled()
{
    BOOL bResult = FALSE;

    //打開服務控制管理器
    SC_HANDLE hSCM = ::OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS);

    if (hSCM != NULL)
    {
        //打開服務
        SC_HANDLE hService = ::OpenService(hSCM, szServiceName, SERVICE_QUERY_CONFIG);
        if (hService != NULL)
        {
            bResult = TRUE;
            ::CloseServiceHandle(hService);
        }
        ::CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);
    }
    return bResult;
}

//*********************************************************
//Functiopn:            Install
//Description:          安裝服務函數
//          <author>niying <time>2006-8-10      <version>     <desc>
//*********************************************************
BOOL Install()
{
    if (IsInstalled())
        return TRUE;

    //打開服務控制管理器
    SC_HANDLE hSCM = ::OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS);
    if (hSCM == NULL)
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, _T("Couldn't open service manager"), szServiceName, MB_OK);
        return FALSE;
    }

    // Get the executable file path
    TCHAR szFilePath[MAX_PATH];
    ::GetModuleFileName(NULL, szFilePath, MAX_PATH);

    //創建服務
    SC_HANDLE hService = ::CreateService(hSCM, szServiceName, szServiceName,
        SERVICE_ALL_ACCESS, SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS|SERVICE_INTERACTIVE_PROCESS ,SERVICE_AUTO_START , SERVICE_ERROR_NORMAL,
        szFilePath, NULL, NULL, _T(""), NULL, NULL);

    if (hService == NULL)
    {
        ::CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);
        MessageBox(NULL, _T("Couldn't create service"), szServiceName, MB_OK);
        return FALSE;
    }

    ::CloseServiceHandle(hService);
    ::CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);
    return TRUE;
}

//*********************************************************
//Functiopn:            Uninstall
//Description:          刪除服務函數
//          <author>niying <time>2006-8-10      <version>     <desc>
//*********************************************************
BOOL Uninstall()
{
    if (!IsInstalled())
        return TRUE;

    SC_HANDLE hSCM = ::OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS);

    if (hSCM == NULL)
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, _T("Couldn't open service manager"), szServiceName, MB_OK);
        return FALSE;
    }

    SC_HANDLE hService = ::OpenService(hSCM, szServiceName, SERVICE_STOP | DELETE);

    if (hService == NULL)
    {
        ::CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);
        MessageBox(NULL, _T("Couldn't open service"), szServiceName, MB_OK);
        return FALSE;
    }
    SERVICE_STATUS status;
    ::ControlService(hService, SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP, &status);

    //刪除服務
    BOOL bDelete = ::DeleteService(hService);
    ::CloseServiceHandle(hService);
    ::CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);

    if (bDelete)
        return TRUE;

    LogEvent(_T("Service could not be deleted"));
    return FALSE;
}

//*********************************************************
//Functiopn:            LogEvent
//Description:          記錄服務事件
//          <author>niying <time>2006-8-10      <version>     <desc>
//*********************************************************
void LogEvent(LPCTSTR pFormat, ...)
{
    TCHAR    chMsg[256];
    HANDLE hEventSource;
    LPTSTR lpszStrings[1];
    va_list pArg;

    va_start(pArg, pFormat);
    _vstprintf(chMsg, pFormat, pArg);
    va_end(pArg);

    lpszStrings[0] = chMsg;

    hEventSource = RegisterEventSource(NULL, szServiceName);
    if (hEventSource != NULL)
    {
        ReportEvent(hEventSource, EVENTLOG_INFORMATION_TYPE, 0, 0, NULL, 1, 0, (LPCTSTR*) &lpszStrings[0], NULL);
        DeregisterEventSource(hEventSource);
    }
}

#include"XXXX.h" //包含的頭文件

//定義全局函數變量
void Init();
BOOL IsInstalled();
BOOL Install();
BOOL Uninstall();
void LogEvent(LPCTSTR pszFormat, ...);
void WINAPI ServiceMain();
void WINAPI ServiceStrl(DWORD dwOpcode);

TCHAR szServiceName[] = _T("WatchDog");
BOOL bInstall;
SERVICE_STATUS_HANDLE hServiceStatus;
SERVICE_STATUS status;
DWORD dwThreadID;

int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
                     int       nCmdShow)
{
Init();

dwThreadID = ::GetCurrentThreadId();

    SERVICE_TABLE_ENTRY st[] =
    {
        { szServiceName, (LPSERVICE_MAIN_FUNCTION)ServiceMain },
        { NULL, NULL }
    };

if (stricmp(lpCmdLine, "/install") == 0)
  {
     Install();
  }
else if (stricmp(lpCmdLine, "/uninstall") == 0)
  {
   Uninstall();
  }
else
  {
   if (!::StartServiceCtrlDispatcher(st))
  {
   LogEvent(_T("Register Service Main Function Error!"));
  }
   }

return 0;
}
//*********************************************************
//Functiopn:   Init
//Description:   初始化
//Calls:    main
//   <author>niying <time>2006-8-10  <version>  <desc>
//*********************************************************
void Init()
{
    hServiceStatus = NULL;
    status.dwServiceType = SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS|SERVICE_INTERACTIVE_PROCESS;
    status.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_START_PENDING;
    status.dwControlsAccepted = SERVICE_ACCEPT_STOP;
    status.dwWin32ExitCode = 0;
    status.dwServiceSpecificExitCode = 0;
    status.dwCheckPoint = 0;
    status.dwWaitHint = 0;
}

//*********************************************************
//Functiopn:   ServiceMain
//Description:   服務主函數，這在裡進行控制對服務控制的注冊
//   <author>niying <time>2006-8-10  <version>  <desc>
//*********************************************************
void WINAPI ServiceMain()
{
    // Register the control request handler
    status.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_START_PENDING;
status.dwControlsAccepted = SERVICE_ACCEPT_STOP;

//注冊服務控制
    hServiceStatus = RegisterServiceCtrlHandler(szServiceName, ServiceStrl);
    if (hServiceStatus == NULL)
    {
        LogEvent(_T("Handler not installed"));
        return;
    }
    SetServiceStatus(hServiceStatus, &status);

    status.dwWin32ExitCode = S_OK;
    status.dwCheckPoint = 0;
    status.dwWaitHint = 0;
status.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_RUNNING;
SetServiceStatus(hServiceStatus, &status);

//模擬服務的運行。應用時將主要任務放於此即可
        //可在此寫上服務需要執行的代碼，一般為死循環
      while(1)
    {
           //循環干什麼
     }
    status.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_STOPPED;
    SetServiceStatus(hServiceStatus, &status);
    OutputDebugString(_T("Service stopped"));
}

//*********************************************************
//Functiopn:   ServiceStrl
//Description:   服務控制主函數，這裡實現對服務的控制，
//      當在服務管理器上停止或其它操作時，將會運行此處代碼
//Calls:
//Called By:
//Table Accessed:
//Table Updated:
//Input:    dwOpcode：控制服務的狀態
//Output:
//Return:
//Others:
//History:
//   <author>niying <time>2006-8-10  <version>  <desc>
//*********************************************************
void WINAPI ServiceStrl(DWORD dwOpcode)
{
    switch (dwOpcode)
    {
    case SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP:
  status.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_STOP_PENDING;
        SetServiceStatus(hServiceStatus, &status);
        PostThreadMessage(dwThreadID, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0);
        break;
    case SERVICE_CONTROL_PAUSE:
        break;
    case SERVICE_CONTROL_CONTINUE:
        break;
    case SERVICE_CONTROL_INTERROGATE:
        break;
    case SERVICE_CONTROL_SHUTDOWN:
        break;
    default:
        LogEvent(_T("Bad service request"));
  OutputDebugString(_T("Bad service request"));
    }
}
//*********************************************************
//Functiopn:   IsInstalled
//Description:   判斷服務是否已經被安裝
//   <author>niying <time>2006-8-10  <version>  <desc>
//*********************************************************
BOOL IsInstalled()
{
    BOOL bResult = FALSE;

//打開服務控制管理器
SC_HANDLE hSCM = ::OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS);

    if (hSCM != NULL)
    {
  //打開服務
        SC_HANDLE hService = ::OpenService(hSCM, szServiceName, SERVICE_QUERY_CONFIG);
        if (hService != NULL)
        {
            bResult = TRUE;
         ::CloseServiceHandle(hService);
  }
        ::CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);
    }
    return bResult;
}

//*********************************************************
//Functiopn:   Install
//Description:   安裝服務函數
//   <author>niying <time>2006-8-10  <version>  <desc>
//*********************************************************
BOOL Install()
{
    if (IsInstalled())
        return TRUE;

//打開服務控制管理器
    SC_HANDLE hSCM = ::OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS);
    if (hSCM == NULL)
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, _T("Couldn't open service manager"), szServiceName, MB_OK);
        return FALSE;
    }

    // Get the executable file path
    TCHAR szFilePath[MAX_PATH];
    ::GetModuleFileName(NULL, szFilePath, MAX_PATH);

//創建服務
    SC_HANDLE hService = ::CreateService(hSCM, szServiceName, szServiceName,
  SERVICE_ALL_ACCESS, SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS|SERVICE_INTERACTIVE_PROCESS ,SERVICE_AUTO_START , SERVICE_ERROR_NORMAL,
        szFilePath, NULL, NULL, _T(""), NULL, NULL);

    if (hService == NULL)
    {
        ::CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);
        MessageBox(NULL, _T("Couldn't create service"), szServiceName, MB_OK);
        return FALSE;
    }

    ::CloseServiceHandle(hService);
    ::CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);
    return TRUE;
}

//*********************************************************
//Functiopn:   Uninstall
//Description:   刪除服務函數
//   <author>niying <time>2006-8-10  <version>  <desc>
//*********************************************************
BOOL Uninstall()
{
    if (!IsInstalled())
        return TRUE;

SC_HANDLE hSCM = ::OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS);

    if (hSCM == NULL)
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, _T("Couldn't open service manager"), szServiceName, MB_OK);
        return FALSE;
    }

SC_HANDLE hService = ::OpenService(hSCM, szServiceName, SERVICE_STOP | DELETE);

    if (hService == NULL)
    {
        ::CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);
        MessageBox(NULL, _T("Couldn't open service"), szServiceName, MB_OK);
        return FALSE;
    }
    SERVICE_STATUS status;
    ::ControlService(hService, SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP, &status);

//刪除服務
    BOOL bDelete = ::DeleteService(hService);
    ::CloseServiceHandle(hService);
    ::CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);

if (bDelete)
return TRUE;

LogEvent(_T("Service could not be deleted"));
return FALSE;
}

//*********************************************************
//Functiopn:   LogEvent
//Description:   記錄服務事件
//   <author>niying <time>2006-8-10  <version>  <desc>
//*********************************************************
void LogEvent(LPCTSTR pFormat, ...)
{
    TCHAR    chMsg[256];
    HANDLE hEventSource;
    LPTSTR lpszStrings[1];
    va_list pArg;

    va_start(pArg, pFormat);
    _vstprintf(chMsg, pFormat, pArg);
    va_end(pArg);

    lpszStrings[0] = chMsg;

hEventSource = RegisterEventSource(NULL, szServiceName);
if (hEventSource != NULL)
{
  ReportEvent(hEventSource, EVENTLOG_INFORMATION_TYPE, 0, 0, NULL, 1, 0, (LPCTSTR*) &lpszStrings[0], NULL);
  DeregisterEventSource(hEventSource);
}
}

我在開發的時候用到了DLL裡面的函數，開始的時候采用的靜態導入的方法，但是發現服務開機啟動以後就死掉了，這裡不是DLL路徑的問題。

沒辦法，自己只得用動態導入的方法，還好，服務自動開機運行了，還算正常吧。

小提示：如果需要彈出MessageBox消息，比如讓服務可以與桌面進行交互。這個在服務裡面可以設置。

當然，我這裡的初始化參數已經設置好了，在DOS命令裡面安裝完成後，你會發現，那個框，我已經替你選上了。

//重要說明，服務最好不要直接編譯執行，雖然是exe，最好的方式是安裝，

安裝命令 DOS 下： ServiceName.exe /install

卸載命令 DOS下：ServiceName.exe /uninstall

直接運行exe不僅會報錯，還會導致服務開機不能自動運行。

大多的時候，你直接運行exe都會報1063錯誤，就是因為你把服務以控制台的方式運行了。