創建文件或文件夾
您可通過編程方式在您的計算機上創建文件夾、子文件夾和子文件夾中的文件，並將數據寫入文件。
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public class CreateFileOrFolder
{
static void Main()
{
string folderName = @"c:\Top-Level Folder";
string pathString = System.IO.Path.Combine(folderName, "SubFolder");
string pathString2 = @"c:\Top-Level Folder\SubFolder2";
System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(pathString);
string fileName = System.IO.Path.GetRandomFileName();
pathString = System.IO.Path.Combine(pathString, fileName);
Console.WriteLine("Path to my file: {0}\n", pathString);
if (!System.IO.File.Exists(pathString))
{
using (System.IO.FileStream fs = System.IO.File.Create(pathString))
{
for (byte i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
fs.WriteByte(i);
}
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("File \"{0}\" already exists.", fileName);
return;
}
try
{
byte[] readBuffer = System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes(pathString);
foreach (byte b in readBuffer)
{
Console.Write(b + " ");
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
System.Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");
System.Console.ReadKey();
}
}
輸出：
Path to my file: c:\Top-Level Folder\SubFolder\ttxvauxe.vv0
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30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 8
3 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99
如果該文件夾已存在，則 CreateDirectory 不執行任何操作，且不會引發異常。但是，File.Create 用新的文件替換現有文件。該示例使用一個 if-else 語句阻止現有文件被替換。
通過在示例中做出以下更改，您可以根據具有某個名稱的程序是否存在來指定不同的結果。如果該文件不存在，代碼將創建一個文件。如果該文件存在，代碼將把數據添加到該文件中。
指定一個非隨機文件名。
// Comment out the following line.
//string fileName = System.IO.Path.GetRandomFileName();
// Replace that line with the following assignment.
string fileName = "MyNewFile.txt";
用以下代碼中的 using 語句替換 if-else 語句。
? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7using (System.IO.FileStream fs = new System.IO.FileStream(pathString, FileMode.Append))
{
for (byte i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
fs.WriteByte(i);
}
}
運行該示例若干次以驗證數據是否每次都添加到文件中。
復制、刪除和移動文件和文件夾
以下示例說明如何使用 System.IO 命名空間中的 System.IO.File、System.IO.Directory、System.IO.FileInfo 和 System.IO.DirectoryInfo 類以同步方式復制、移動和刪除文件和文件夾。 這些示例沒有提供進度欄或其他任何用戶界面。
。
示例
下面的示例演示如何復制文件和目錄。
public class SimpleFileCopy
{
static void Main()
{
string fileName = "test.txt";
string sourcePath = @"C:\Users\Public\TestFolder";
string targetPath = @"C:\Users\Public\TestFolder\SubDir";
// Use Path class to manipulate file and directory paths.
string sourceFile = System.IO.Path.Combine(sourcePath, fileName);
string destFile = System.IO.Path.Combine(targetPath, fileName);
// To copy a folder's contents to a new location:
// Create a new target folder, if necessary.
if (!System.IO.Directory.Exists(targetPath))
{
System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(targetPath);
}
// To copy a file to another location and
// overwrite the destination file if it already exists.
System.IO.File.Copy(sourceFile, destFile, true);
// To copy all the files in one directory to another directory.
// Get the files in the source folder. (To recursively iterate through
// all subfolders under the current directory, see
// "How to: Iterate Through a Directory Tree.")
// Note: Check for target path was performed previously
// in this code example.
if (System.IO.Directory.Exists(sourcePath))
{
string[] files = System.IO.Directory.GetFiles(sourcePath);
// Copy the files and overwrite destination files if they already exist.
foreach (string s in files)
{
// Use static Path methods to extract only the file name from the path.
fileName = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(s);
destFile = System.IO.Path.Combine(targetPath, fileName);
System.IO.File.Copy(s, destFile, true);
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Source path does not exist!");
}
// Keep console window open in debug mode.
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
下面的示例演示如何移動文件和目錄。
public class SimpleFileMove
{
static void Main()
{
string sourceFile = @"C:\Users\Public\public\test.txt";
string destinationFile = @"C:\Users\Public\private\test.txt";
// To move a file or folder to a new location:
System.IO.File.Move(sourceFile, destinationFile);
// To move an entire directory. To programmatically modify or combine
// path strings, use the System.IO.Path class.
System.IO.Directory.Move(@"C:\Users\Public\public\test\", @"C:\Users\Public\private");
}
}
下面的示例演示如何刪除文件和目錄。
public class SimpleFileDelete
{
static void Main()
{
// Delete a file by using File class static method...
if(System.IO.File.Exists(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\test.txt"))
{
// Use a try block to catch IOExceptions, to
// handle the case of the file already being
// opened by another process.
try
{
System.IO.File.Delete(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\test.txt");
}
catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
return;
}
}
// ...or by using FileInfo instance method.
System.IO.FileInfo fi = new System.IO.FileInfo(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\test2.txt");
try
{
fi.Delete();
}
catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
// Delete a directory. Must be writable or empty.
try
{
System.IO.Directory.Delete(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest");
}
catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
// Delete a directory and all subdirectorIEs with Directory static method...
if(System.IO.Directory.Exists(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest"))
{
try
{
System.IO.Directory.Delete(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest", true);
}
catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
// ...or with DirectoryInfo instance method.
System.IO.DirectoryInfo di = new System.IO.DirectoryInfo(@"C:\Users\Public\public");
// Delete this dir and all subdirs.
try
{
di.Delete(true);
}
catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
}
