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java 獲得HttpRequest Header的幾種辦法(必看篇)

編輯：關於JAVA

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在開辟運用法式的進程中，假如有多個運用，平日會經由過程一個portal 門戶來集成，這個portal 是一切運用法式的進口，用戶一旦在portal 登錄以後，進入別的一個體系，就須要相似的單點登錄(SSO). 進入各個子體系的時刻，就不須要再次登錄, 固然相似的功效，你可以經由過程專業的單點登錄軟件來完成，也能夠本身寫數據庫token 等方法來完成。其實還有一個比擬簡略的辦法，就是經由過程 portal 封裝曾經登錄過的用戶的新聞，寫到http header 當中，然後把要求forward 到各個子體系中去，而各子體系從 http header 中獲得用戶名，作為能否登錄過的校驗或許正當的校驗。

總結了幾種處置http Header 的辦法：

應用 HttpServletRequest

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 //...
 private HttpServletRequest request;
 //get request headers
 private Map<String, String> getHeadersInfo() {
  Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
  Enumeration headerNames = request.getHeaderNames();
  while (headerNames.hasMoreElements()) {
    String key = (String) headerNames.nextElement();
    String value = request.getHeader(key);
    map.put(key, value);
  }
  return map;
 }

一個典范的例子以下：

"headers" : {
  "Host" : "yihaomen.com",
  "Accept-Encoding" : "gzip,deflate",
  "X-Forwarded-For" : "66.249.x.x",
  "X-Forwarded-Proto" : "http",
  "User-Agent" : "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +
http://www.谷歌.com/bot.html
)",
  "X-Request-Start" : "1389158003923",
  "Accept" : "*/*",
  "Connection" : "close",
  "X-Forwarded-Port" : "80",
  "From" : "谷歌bot(at)谷歌bot.com"
}

獲得 user-agent

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 //...
 private HttpServletRequest request;
 private String getUserAgent() {
  return request.getHeader("user-agent");
 }

一個典范的例子以下：

Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +
http://www.谷歌.com/bot.html
)

應用 spring mvc 獲得 HttpRequest Header 的例子

import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/site")
public class SiteController {
  @Autowired
  private HttpServletRequest request;
  @RequestMapping(value = "/{input:.+}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public ModelAndView getDomain(@PathVariable("input") String input) {
    ModelAndView modelandView = new ModelAndView("result");
    modelandView.addObject("user-agent", getUserAgent());
    modelandView.addObject("headers", getHeadersInfo());
    return modelandView;
  }
  //get user agent
  private String getUserAgent() {
    return request.getHeader("user-agent");
  }
  //get request headers
  private Map<String, String> getHeadersInfo() {
    Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
    Enumeration headerNames = request.getHeaderNames();
    while (headerNames.hasMoreElements()) {
      String key = (String) headerNames.nextElement();
      String value = request.getHeader(key);
      map.put(key, value);
    }
    return map;
  }
}

或許有人會說，Http Header 是可以模仿的，那末本身可以結構一個用來誘騙這些體系，是的，切實其實是如許，所以在用Http Header 來傳值得時刻，必定要記得，一切的要求都必需經由 portal 來處置，然後 forward 到各子體系，就不會湧現這個成績了。由於portal 起首攔阻用戶提議的一切的要求，假如是結構的用戶，在portal 的sessiion 也是沒有記載的，依然會跳轉到登錄頁面，假如在protal 的 session 中記載，並且 Http Header 中也有記載，那末在子體系就是正當的用戶，然後本身可以依據一些請求處置營業邏輯了

JSP/Java獲得HTTP header信息(request)例子

<%
//header.jsp
out.println("Protocol: " + request.getProtocol() + "<br>");
out.println("Scheme: " + request.getScheme() + "<br>");
out.println("Server Name: " + request.getServerName() + "<br>" );
out.println("Server Port: " + request.getServerPort() + "<br>");
out.println("Protocol: " + request.getProtocol() + "<br>");
out.println("Server Info: " + getServletConfig().getServletContext().getServerInfo() + "<br>");
out.println("Remote Addr: " + request.getRemoteAddr() + "<br>");
out.println("Remote Host: " + request.getRemoteHost() + "<br>");
out.println("Character Encoding: " + request.getCharacterEncoding() + "<br>");
out.println("Content Length: " + request.getContentLength() + "<br>");
out.println("Content Type: "+ request.getContentType() + "<br>");
out.println("Auth Type: " + request.getAuthType() + "<br>");
out.println("HTTP Method: " + request.getMethod() + "<br>");
out.println("Path Info: " + request.getPathInfo() + "<br>");
out.println("Path Trans: " + request.getPathTranslated() + "<br>");
out.println("Query String: " + request.getQueryString() + "<br>");
out.println("Remote User: " + request.getRemoteUser() + "<br>");
out.println("Session Id: " + request.getRequestedSessionId() + "<br>");
out.println("Request URL: " + request.getRequestURL() + "<br>");
out.println("Request URI: " + request.getRequestURI() + "<br>");
out.println("Servlet Path: " + request.getServletPath() + "<br>");
out.println("Created : " + session.getCreationTime() + "<br>");
out.println("LastAccessed : " + session.getLastAccessedTime() + "<br>");

out.println("Accept: " + request.getHeader("Accept") + "<br>");
out.println("Host: " + request.getHeader("Host") + "<br>");
out.println("Referer : " + request.getHeader("Referer") + "<br>");
out.println("Accept-Language : " + request.getHeader("Accept-Language") + "<br>");
out.println("Accept-Encoding : " + request.getHeader("Accept-Encoding") + "<br>");
out.println("User-Agent : " + request.getHeader("User-Agent") + "<br>");
out.println("Connection : " + request.getHeader("Connection") + "<br>");
out.println("Cookie : " + request.getHeader("Cookie") + "<br>");
%>

關於request.getHeader("Referer")的解釋

request.getHeader("Referer")獲得來訪者地址。只要經由過程鏈接拜訪以後頁的時刻，能力獲得上一頁的地址；不然request.getHeader("Referer")的值為Null，經由過程window.open翻開以後頁或許直接輸出地址，也為Null。

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