本文匯總了MySQL導出所有Index 和 約束的方法,提供給大家以方便大家查詢使用。具體如下:
1. 導出創建自增字段語句:
SELECT
CONCAT(
'ALTER TABLE `',
TABLE_NAME,
'` ',
'MODIFY COLUMN `',
COLUMN_NAME,
'` ',
IF(UPPER(DATA_TYPE) = 'INT',
REPLACE(
SUBSTRING_INDEX(
UPPER(COLUMN_TYPE),
')',
1
),
'INT',
'INTEGER'
),
UPPER(COLUMN_TYPE)
),
') UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT;'
)
FROM information_schema.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = 'source_database_name' AND
EXTRA = UPPER('AUTO_INCREMENT')
ORDER BY TABLE_NAME ASC
2. 導出所有索引:
SELECT
CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `',TABLE_NAME,'` ', 'ADD ',
IF(NON_UNIQUE = 1,
CASE UPPER(INDEX_TYPE)
WHEN 'FULLTEXT' THEN 'FULLTEXT INDEX'
WHEN 'SPATIAL' THEN 'SPATIAL INDEX'
ELSE CONCAT('INDEX `',
INDEX_NAME,
'` USING ',
INDEX_TYPE
)
END,
IF(UPPER(INDEX_NAME) = 'PRIMARY',
CONCAT('PRIMARY KEY USING ',
INDEX_TYPE
),
CONCAT('UNIQUE INDEX `',
INDEX_NAME,
'` USING ',
INDEX_TYPE
)
)
),'(', GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT CONCAT('`', COLUMN_NAME, '`') ORDER BY SEQ_IN_INDEX ASC SEPARATOR ', '), ');') AS 'Show_Add_Indexes'
FROM information_schema.STATISTICS
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = 'pbq'
GROUP BY TABLE_NAME, INDEX_NAME
ORDER BY TABLE_NAME ASC, INDEX_NAME ASC
3. 創建刪除所有自增字段:
SELECT
CONCAT(
'ALTER TABLE `',
TABLE_NAME,
'` ',
'MODIFY COLUMN `',
COLUMN_NAME,
'` ',
IF(UPPER(DATA_TYPE) = 'INT',
REPLACE(
SUBSTRING_INDEX(
UPPER(COLUMN_TYPE),
')',
1
),
'INT',
'INTEGER'
),
UPPER(COLUMN_TYPE)
),
') UNSIGNED NOT NULL;'
)
FROM information_schema.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = 'destination_database_name' AND
EXTRA = UPPER('AUTO_INCREMENT')
ORDER BY TABLE_NAME ASC
4. 刪除庫所有索引:
SELECT
CONCAT(
'ALTER TABLE `',
TABLE_NAME,
'` ',
GROUP_CONCAT(
DISTINCT
CONCAT(
'DROP ',
IF(UPPER(INDEX_NAME) = 'PRIMARY',
'PRIMARY KEY',
CONCAT('INDEX `', INDEX_NAME, '`')
)
)
SEPARATOR ', '
),
';'
)
FROM information_schema.STATISTICS
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = 'destination_database_name'
GROUP BY TABLE_NAME
ORDER BY TABLE_NAME ASC
希望本文所述示例能夠對大家有所幫助。
Key即鍵值,是關系模型理論中的一部份,比如有主鍵(Primary Key),外鍵(Foreign
Key)等,用於數據完整性檢否與唯一性約束等。而Index則處於實現層面,比如可以對表個的任意列建立索引,那麼當建立索引的列處於SQL語句中的Where條件中時,就可以得到快速的數據定位,從而快速檢索。至於Unique
Index,則只是屬於Index中的一種而已,建立了Unique Index表示此列數據不可重復,猜想MySQL對Unique
Index類型的索引可以做進一步特殊優化吧。
於是乎,在設計表的時候,Key只是要處於模型層面的,而當需要進行查詢優化,則對相關列建立索引即可。
另外,在MySQL中,對於一個Primary Key的列,MySQL已經自動對其建立了Unique Index,無需重復再在上面建立索引了。
用alter table語句:
完整用法:
ALTER [IGNORE] TABLE tbl_name
alter_specification [, alter_specification] ...
alter_specification:
table_option ...
| ADD [COLUMN] column_definition [FIRST | AFTER col_name ]
| ADD [COLUMN] (column_definition,...)
| ADD {INDEX|KEY} [index_name] [index_type] (index_col_name,...)
| ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]]
PRIMARY KEY [index_type] (index_col_name,...)
| ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]]
UNIQUE [INDEX|KEY] [index_name] [index_type] (index_col_name,...)
| ADD [FULLTEXT|SPATIAL] [INDEX|KEY] [index_name] (index_col_name,...)
| ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]]
FOREIGN KEY [index_name] (index_col_name,...)
[reference_definition]
| ALTER [COLUMN] col_name {SET DEFAULT literal | DROP DEFAULT}
| CHANGE [COLUMN] old_col_name column_definition
[FIRST|AFTER col_name]
| MODIFY [COLUMN] column_definition [FIRST | AFTER col_name]
| DROP [COLUMN] col_name
| DROP PRIMARY KEY
| DROP {INDEX|KEY} index_name
| DROP FOREIGN KEY fk_symbol
| DISABLE KEYS
| ENABLE KEYS
| RENAME [TO] new_tbl_name
| ORDER BY col_name [, col_name] ...
| CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET charset_name [COLLATE collation_name]
| [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET charset_name [COLLATE collation_name]
| DISCARD TABLESPACE
| IMPORT TABLESPACE
index_col_name:
col_name [(length)] [ASC | DESC]
index_type:
USING {BTREE | HASH}
刪除 主鍵 和外鍵約束:
ALTER TABLE mytablename
DROP PRIMARY KEY
DROP FOREIGN KEY fk_sym......余下全文>>