Delphi中的TWebBrowser與MSHTML(1): 從TWebBrowser獲取DOM中的window對象

借助 TWebBrowser 可以把軟件做的更漂亮、更靈活, 很多軟件已經或者早就這樣做了.

盡管 HTML DOM 內容繁雜(涉及到 HTML、JavaScript、CSS), 但也都屬於 TWebBrowser 的功能范圍.

使用 TWebBrowser 時, 如果配合上 MSHTML, 將會有很好的代碼提示; 不然也可以, 就是寫代碼困難.

HTML DOM 中的一切都是源於一個叫 window 對象, 為了和 JS 中的 DOM 一致起來, 本次先獲取這個對象.

TWebBrowser 是調用 SHDocVw.dll 的功能並繼承與 TOleControl 類, 會用到 SHDocVw 和 OleCtrls 單元.

另外 window 是 IHTMLWindow2 接口類型的, 此接口定義在 MSHTML 單元.

本例效果圖:

代碼文件:

unit Unit1;
 
interface
 
uses
  Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
  Dialogs, OleCtrls, SHDocVw, StdCtrls;
 
type
  TForm1 = class(TForm)
    WebBrowser1: TWebBrowser;
    Button1: TButton;
    Button2: TButton;
    procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
    procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
    procedure Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
  end;
 
var
  Form1: TForm1;
 
implementation
 
{$R *.dfm}
 
uses MSHTML;
var window: IHTMLWindow2;
 
{打開一個頁面}
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
  WebBrowser1.Navigate('http://del.cnblogs.com');
end;
 
{獲取並試用 window 對象}
procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
  window := (WebBrowser1.Document as IHTMLDocument2).parentWindow;
  window.document.body.innerHTML := '<hr>萬一的 Delphi 博客<hr>';
  window.alert('JavaScript 的提示: 修改成功!');
end;
 
{初始化}
procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
  Position := poScreenCenter;
  WebBrowser1.Align := alTop;
  Button1.Caption := '打開';
  Button2.Caption := '改寫';
end;
 
end.

窗體文件:

object Form1: TForm1
  Left = 0
  Top = 0
  Caption = 'Form1'
  ClientHeight = 167
  ClientWidth = 318
  Color = clBtnFace
  Font.Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET
  Font.Color = clWindowText
  Font.Height = -11
  Font.Name = 'Tahoma'
  Font.Style = []
  OldCreateOrder = False
  OnCreate = FormCreate
  PixelsPerInch = 96
  TextHeight = 13
  object WebBrowser1: TWebBrowser
    Left = 8
    Top = 8
    Width = 300
    Height = 121
    TabOrder = 0
    ControlData = {
      4C000000021F0000810C00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
      000000004C000000000000000000000001000000E0D057007335CF11AE690800
      2B2E126208000000000000004C0000000114020000000000C000000000000046
      8000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
      00000000000000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000}
  end
  object Button1: TButton
    Left = 154
    Top = 135
    Width = 75
    Height = 25
    Caption = 'Button1'
    TabOrder = 1
    OnClick = Button1Click
  end
  object Button2: TButton
    Left = 235
    Top = 135
    Width = 75
    Height = 25
    Caption = 'Button2'
    TabOrder = 2
    OnClick = Button2Click
  end
end

從一個外部的 IE 窗口獲取 window 對象也可以:

uses MSHTML, ComObj;
var
  IE: Variant;
  window: IHTMLWindow2;
 
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
  IE := CreateOleObject('InternetExplorer.Application');
  IE.Visible := True;
  IE.Navigate('http://del.cnblogs.com');
end;
 
procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
  window := (IDispatch(IE.document) as IHTMLDocument2).parentWindow;
  window.document.body.innerHTML := '<hr>萬一的 Delphi 博客<hr>';
end;