//看個例子
class My{
private $_data = [
'a' => '燕睿濤',
'b' => 'yanruitao',
'c' => 'LULU',
];
public function getIterator()
{
return new ArrayIterator($this->_data);
}
}
$obj = new My;
foreach ($obj as $key => $value) {
echo "$key => $value\n";
}
//輸出結果為空
class My implements IteratorAggregate {
private $_data = [
'a' => '燕睿濤',
'b' => 'yanruitao',
'c' => 'LULU',
];
public function getIterator()
{
return new ArrayIterator($this->_data);
}
}
$obj = new My;
foreach ($obj as $key => $value) {
echo "$key => $value\n";
}
//結果:
a => 燕睿濤
b => yanruitao
c => LULU
Countable
Countable {
abstract public int count(void)
}
這個接口用於統計對象的數量,具體怎麼理解呢,當我們對一個對象調用count的時候,如果函數沒有繼承Countable將一直返回1,如果繼承了Countable會返回所實現的count方法所返回的數字,看看下面的例子:
class CountMe
{
protected $_myCount = 3;
public function count()
{
return $this->_myCount;
}
}
$countable = new CountMe();
echo count($countable);
//返回1
class CountMe implements Countable
{
protected $_myCount = 3;
public function count()
{
return $this->_myCount;
}
}
$countable = new CountMe();
echo count($countable);
//返回3
ArrayAccess
ArrayAccess {
abstract public boolean offsetExists(mixed $offset)
abstract public mixed offsetGet(mixed $offset)
public void offsetSet(mixed $offset, mixed $value)
public void offsetUnset(mixed $offset)
}
這個接口的作用是讓我們可以像訪問數組一樣訪問對象,這個怎麼說好呢,我猜其實就是php在詞法分析的時候如果碰到了數組的方式使用對象,就回去對象中查找是否有實現ArrayAccess如果有的話,進行對應的操作(set、unset、isset、get),這樣我們就可以在類裡面放置一個array,讓類實現數組方式的基本操作,下面看個例子:
class myObj
{
}
$obj = new myObj;
$obj['name'];
//Fatal error: Cannot use object of type myObj as array in
class myObj implements ArrayAccess
{
public function offsetSet($offset, $value)
{
echo "offsetSet : {$offset} => {$value}\n";
}
public function offsetExists($offset)
{
echo "offsetExists : {$offset}\n";
}
public function offsetUnset($offset)
{
echo "offsetUnset : {$offset}\n";
}
public function offsetGet($offset)
{
echo "offsetGet : {$offset}\n";
}
}
$obj = new myObj;
$obj[1] = '燕睿濤';
isset($obj['name']);
unset($obj['name']);
$obj['yrt'];
//輸出結果:
offsetSet : 1 => 燕睿濤
offsetExists : name
offsetUnset : name
offsetGet : yrt
class myObj implements ArrayAccess
{
private $_data = [];
public function offsetSet($offset, $value)
{
$this->_data[$offset] = $value;
}
public function offsetExists($offset)
{
return isset($this->_data[$offset]);
}
public function offsetUnset($offset)
{
unset($this->_data[$offset]);
}
public function offsetGet($offset)
{
return $this->_data[$offset];
}
}
$obj = new myObj;
$obj['yrt'] = '燕睿濤';
var_dump($obj['yrt']);
var_dump(isset($obj['yrt']));
unset($obj['yrt']);
var_dump(isset($obj['yrt']));
var_dump($obj['yrt']);
//輸出:
string(9) "燕睿濤"
bool(true)
bool(false)
Notice: Undefined index: yrt //最後一個會報出Notice
上面的對象只能是基本的數組操作,連遍歷都不行,結合之前的IteratorAggregate可以進行foreach:
class myObj implements ArrayAccess, IteratorAggregate
{
private $_data = [];
public function getIterator()
{
return new ArrayIterator($this->_data);
}
......
}
$obj = new myObj;
$obj['yrt'] = '燕睿濤';
$obj[1] = '燕睿濤';
$obj['name'] = '燕睿濤';
$obj['age'] = 23;
foreach ($obj as $key => $value) {
echo "{$key} => {$value}\n";
}
//輸出:
yrt => 燕睿濤
1 => 燕睿濤
name => 燕睿濤
age => 23
Iterator
Iterator extends Traversable {
abstract public mixed current(void)
abstract public scalar key(void)
abstract public void next(void)
abstract public void rewind(void)
abstract public boolean valid(void)
}
可在內部迭代自己的外部迭代器或類的接口,這是官方文檔給出的解釋,看著還是不好理解,其實我感覺這個接口實現的功能和trratorAggregate(文檔:創建外部迭代器接口,接口直接返回一個迭代器)類似,不過這個在類的定義裡面自己實現了,看個例子:
class myObj implements Iterator{
private $_data = [];
public function __construct(Array $arr)
{
$this->_data = $arr;
}
public function current()
{
return current($this->_data);
}
public function key()
{
return key($this->_data);
}
public function next()
{
next($this->_data);
}
public function rewind()
{
reset($this->_data);
}
public function valid()
{
return $this->key() !== NULL;
}
}
$t = [
'yrt' => '燕睿濤',
'name' => '燕睿濤',
false,
'燕睿濤'
];
$obj = new myObj($t);
foreach ($obj as $key => $value) {
echo "{$key} => ".var_export($value, true)."\n";
}
//輸出:
yrt => '燕睿濤'
name => '燕睿濤'
0 => false
1 => '燕睿濤'
上面這個參考了鳥哥的一篇文章關於一筆試題(Iterator模式),不過鳥哥的那個判斷valid有點瑕疵,當碰到值北來就是false的時候就會截斷