substr() 函數返回字符串的一部分。
語法:substr(string,start,length)。
注釋:如果 start 是負數且 length 小於等於 start,則 length 為 0。
<?php
$rest = substr("abcdef", -1); // returns "f"
echo $rest.'<br />';
$rest = substr("abcdef", -2); // returns "ef"
echo $rest.'<br />';
$rest = substr("abcdef", -3, 1); // returns "d"
echo $rest.'<br />';
?>
程序運行結果:
f ef d
就是從start位置開始,若length為負值的話,就從字符串的末尾開始數。substr("abcdef", 2, -1)的話,就是從c開始,然後-1說明截取到e,就是要截取cde。
<?php
$rest = substr("abcdef", 0, -1); // returns "abcde"
echo $rest.'<br />';
$rest = substr("abcdef", 2, -1); // returns "cde"
echo $rest.'<br />';
$rest = substr("abcdef", 4, -4); // returns ""
echo $rest.'<br />';
$rest = substr("abcdef", -3, -1); // returns "de"
echo $rest.'<br />';
?>
程序運行結果:
abcde cde de
<?php
echo substr('abcdef', 1); // bcdef
echo '<br />';
echo substr('abcdef', 1, 3); // bcd
echo '<br />';
echo substr('abcdef', 0, 4); // abcd
echo '<br />';
echo substr('abcdef', 0, 8); // abcdef
echo '<br />';
echo substr('abcdef', -1, 1); // f
echo '<br />';
// Accessing single characters in a string
// can also be achieved using "square brackets"
$string = 'abcdef';
echo $string[0]; // a
echo '<br />';
echo $string[3]; // d
echo '<br />';
echo $string[strlen($string)-1]; // f
echo '<br />';
?>
程序運行結果:
bcdef bcd abcd abcdef f a d f
<?php
//removes string from the end of other
function removeFromEnd($string, $stringToRemove)
{
// 獲得需要移除的字符串的長度
$stringToRemoveLen = strlen($stringToRemove);
// 獲得原始字符串的長度
$stringLen = strlen($string);
// 計算出需要保留字符串的長度
$pos = $stringLen - $stringToRemoveLen;
$out = substr($string, 0, $pos);
return $out;
}
$string = 'bkjia.jpg.jpg';
$result = removeFromEnd($string, '.jpg');
echo $result;
?>
程序運行結果:
bkjia.jpg
<?php
$file = "Hellothisfilehasmorethan30charactersandthisfayl.exe";
function funclongwords($file)
{
if (strlen($file) > 30)
{
$vartypesf = strrchr($file,".");
// 獲取字符創總長度
$vartypesf_len = strlen($vartypesf);
// 截取左邊15個字符
$word_l_w = substr($file,0,15);
// 截取右邊15個字符
$word_r_w = substr($file,-15);
$word_r_a = substr($word_r_w,0,-$vartypesf_len);
return $word_l_w."...".$word_r_a.$vartypesf;
}
else
return $file;
}
// RETURN: Hellothisfileha...andthisfayl.exe
$result = funclongwords($file);
echo $result;
?>
程序運行結果:
Hellothisfileha...andthisfayl.exe
很多時候我們需要顯示固定的字數,多出的字數用省略號代替。
<?php
$text = 'welcome to bkjia, I hope you can find something you wanted.';
$result = textLimit($text, 30);
echo $result;
function textLimit($string, $length, $replacer = '...')
{
if(strlen($string) > $length)
return (preg_match('/^(.*)\W.*$/', substr($string, 0, $length+1), $matches) ? $matches[1] : substr($string, 0, $length)) . $replacer;
return $string;
}
?>
程序運行結果:
welcome to bkjia, I hope...
有時候我們需要格式化字符串,比如電話號碼。
<?php
function str_format_number($String, $Format)
{
if ($Format == '') return $String;
if ($String == '') return $String;
$Result = '';
$FormatPos = 0;
$StringPos = 0;
while ((strlen($Format) - 1) >= $FormatPos)
{
//If its a number => stores it
if (is_numeric(substr($Format, $FormatPos, 1)))
{
$Result .= substr($String, $StringPos, 1);
$StringPos++;
//If it is not a number => stores the caracter
}
else
{
$Result .= substr($Format, $FormatPos, 1);
}
//Next caracter at the mask.
$FormatPos++;
}
return $Result;
}
// For phone numbers at Buenos Aires, Argentina
// Example 1:
$String = "8607562337788";
$Format = "+00 0000 0000000";
echo str_format_number($String, $Format);
echo '<br />';
// Example 2:
$String = "8607562337788";
$Format = "+00 0000 00.0000000";
echo str_format_number($String, $Format);
echo '<br />';
// Example 3:
$String = "8607562337788";
$Format = "+00 0000 00.000 a";
echo str_format_number($String, $Format);
echo '<br />';
?>
程序運行結果:
+86 0756 2337788 +86 0756 23.37788 +86 0756 23.377 a