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 程式師世界 >> 數據庫知識 >> MYSQL數據庫 >> MySQL綜合教程 >> MySQL5.6基於GTID的主從復制

MySQL5.6基於GTID的主從復制

編輯:MySQL綜合教程

MySQL5.6基於GTID的主從復制。本站提示廣大學習愛好者:(MySQL5.6基於GTID的主從復制)文章只能為提供參考,不一定能成為您想要的結果。以下是MySQL5.6基於GTID的主從復制正文


MySQL 5.6 的新特征之一,是參加了全局事務 ID (GTID) 來強化數據庫的主備分歧性,毛病恢復,和容錯才能。

甚麼是GTID?

官方文檔:http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/replication-gtids.html在這篇文檔裡,我們可以曉得全局事務 ID 的官方界說是:GTID = source_id:transaction_id

MySQL 5.6 中,每個 GTID 代表一個數據庫事務。在下面的界說中,source_id 表現履行事務的主庫 uuid(server_uuid),transaction_id 是一個從 1 開端的自增計數,表現在這個主庫上履行的第 n 個事務。MySQL 會包管事務與 GTID 之間的 1 : 1 映照。

1、情況預備

操作體系:CentOS6.5 64位

數據庫版本:MySQL5.6.23

拓撲以下:

3、裝置主數據庫(masterdb.example.com)

1、預備數據寄存目次、創立用戶

[root@masterdb ~]#mkdir /data/mysqldata -p #創立數據寄存目次
[root@masterdb ~]#mkdir /data/mysqlLog/logs -p #創立日記寄存目次
[root@masterdb ~]#groupadd -r mysql
[root@masterdb ~]#useradd -g mysql -r -s /sbin/nologin -M -d /data/mysqldata mysql
[root@masterdb ~]#chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysqldata
[root@masterdb ~]#chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysqlLog/logs

 2、裝置並初始化mysql5.6.23

[root@masterdb ~]# tar xf mysql-advanced-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@masterdb ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@masterdb ~]# ln -sv mysql-advanced-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql
[root@masterdb ~]# chown -R root.mysql mysql
[root@masterdb ~]# cd mysql
[root@masterdb ~]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@masterdb ~]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@masterdb ~]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@masterdb ~]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@masterdb ~]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@masterdb ~]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysqldata/ 

3、輸入mysql的man手冊至man敕令的查找途徑:

編纂/etc/man.config,添加以下行便可:
MANPATH  /usr/local/mysql/man

4、輸入mysql的頭文件至體系頭文件途徑/usr/include:

這可以經由過程簡略的創立鏈接完成:

[root@masterdb ~]#ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql

5、輸入mysql的庫文件給體系庫查找途徑:

[root@masterdb ~]#echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf

爾後讓體系從新載入體系庫:

[root@masterdb ~]# ldconfig

6、修正PATH情況變量,讓體系可以直接應用mysql的相干敕令:

[root@masterdb ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@masterdb ~]#source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

從數據庫裝置同上,詳細進程略過。

4、分離為主從數據庫供給設置裝備擺設文件/etc/my.cnf

要在MySQL 5.6中應用復制功效,其辦事設置裝備擺設段[mysqld]中於少應當界說以下選項:
binlog-format:二進制日記的格局,有row、statement和mixed幾品種型;
須要留意的是:當設置隔離級別為READ-COMMITED必需設置二進制日記格局為ROW,如今MySQL官方以為STATEMENT這個曾經不再合適持續應用;但mixed類型在默許的事務隔離級別下,能夠會招致主從數據紛歧致;
log-slave-updates、gtid-mode、enforce-gtid-consistency、report-port和report-host:用於啟動GTID及知足從屬的其它需求;
master-info-repository和relay-log-info-repository:啟用此兩項,可用於完成在瓦解時包管二進制及從辦事器平安的功效;
sync-master-info:啟用之可確保無信息喪失;
slave-paralles-workers:設定從辦事器的SQL線程數;0表現封閉多線程復制功效;
binlog-checksum、master-verify-checksum和slave-sql-verify-checksum:啟用復制有關的一切校驗功效;
binlog-rows-query-log-events:啟用之可用於在二進制日記記載事宜相干的信息,可下降毛病消除的龐雜度;
log-bin:啟用二進制日記,這是包管復制功效的根本條件;
server-id:統一個復制拓撲中的一切辦事器的id號必需唯一;

主數據庫上:

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set = utf8

[mysqld]
server-id = 1
port = 3306
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysqldata
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-storage-engine = INNODB
character-set-server = utf8
connect_timeout = 60
interactive_timeout = 28800
wait_timeout = 28800
back_log = 500
event_scheduler = ON
skip_name_resolve = ON;

###########binlog##########
log-bin = /data/mysqlLog/logs/mysql-bin
binlog_format = row
max_binlog_size = 128M
binlog_cache_size = 2M
expire-logs-days = 5
log-slave-updates=true
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
sync-master-info=1
slave-parallel-workers=4
#rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1

slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysqlLog/logs/mysql.slow
long_query_time = 1

log_error = /data/mysqlLog/logs/error.log
max_connections = 3000
max_connect_errors = 32767
log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

從數據庫上:

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set = utf8

[mysqld]
server-id = 205
port = 3306
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysqldata
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-storage-engine = INNODB
character-set-server = utf8
connect_timeout = 60
wait_timeout = 18000
back_log = 500
event_scheduler = ON

###########binlog##########
log-bin = /data/mysqlLog/logs/mysql-bin
binlog_format = row
max_binlog_size = 128M
binlog_cache_size = 2M
expire-logs-days = 5
log-slave-updates=true
gtid-mode=on 
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
sync-master-info=1
slave-parallel-workers=4
#rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1
skip-slave-start

slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysqlLog/logs/mysql.slow
long_query_time = 2

log-error = /data/mysqlLog/logs/error.log
max_connections = 3000
max_connect_errors = 10000
log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

5、分離在主從數據庫上啟動mysqld辦事

[root@masterdb ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL......          [ OK ]
[root@masterdb ~]# 


[root@slavedb ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL......          [ OK ]
[root@slavedb ~]# 

6、在主數據庫上創立復制用戶
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO [email protected] IDENTIFIED BY 'replpassword';
解釋:172.16.88.205是從節點辦事器;假如想一次性受權更多的節點,可以自行依據須要修正;

7、啟動從數據庫上的復制線程

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='masterdb.example.com', MASTER_USER='repluser', MASTER_PASSWORD='replpassword', MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
mysql>start slave;

8、在從數據庫上檢查復制狀況

mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
    Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
     Master_Host: masterdb.56xyl.com
     Master_User: repluser
     Master_Port: 3306
    Connect_Retry: 60
    Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
   Read_Master_Log_Pos: 191
    Relay_Log_File: slavedb-relay-bin.000003
    Relay_Log_Pos: 401
  Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
    Slave_IO_Running: Yes #IO線程已正常運轉
   Slave_SQL_Running: Yes #SQL線程已正常運轉
    Replicate_Do_DB: 
   Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
   Replicate_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
 Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
     Last_Errno: 0
     Last_Error: 
     Skip_Counter: 0
   Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 191
    Relay_Log_Space: 1899
    Until_Condition: None
    Until_Log_File: 
    Until_Log_Pos: 0
   Master_SSL_Allowed: No
   Master_SSL_CA_File: 
   Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
    Master_SSL_Cert: 
   Master_SSL_Cipher: 
    Master_SSL_Key: 
  Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
    Last_IO_Errno: 0
    Last_IO_Error: 
    Last_SQL_Errno: 0
    Last_SQL_Error: 
 Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
    Master_Server_Id: 1
     Master_UUID: 971d7245-c3f8-11e5-8b6b-000c2999e5a5
    Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
     SQL_Delay: 0
   SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
  Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
   Master_Retry_Count: 86400
     Master_Bind: 
  Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
  Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
    Master_SSL_Crl: 
   Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
   Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 971d7245-c3f8-11e5-8b6b-000c2999e5a5:1-6
   Executed_Gtid_Set: 89e78301-c3f4-11e5-8b51-00505624d26a:1-3,
971d7245-c3f8-11e5-8b6b-000c2999e5a5:1-6
    Auto_Position: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR: 
No query specified

mysql> 


9、測試

在主庫上創立數據庫:

mysql> create database log_statics;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.11 sec)
 
mysql> use log_statics;
Database changed
到從數據庫上檢查log_statics能否曾經復制曩昔
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database   |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| log_statics  |
| mysql    |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

可以看到log_statics數據庫曾經存在於從數據庫上。

以上就是本文的全體內容,願望對年夜家的進修有所贊助。

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