ORACLE應用經驗(5)-表空間

一、進入Oracle下

# su - Oracle

as4101> lsnrctl start

as4101> svrmgrl

svrmgrl> connect internal;

svrmgrl> shutdown immediate;

svrmgrl> startup

二、查看有哪些表空間

svrmgrl> SELECT * FROM DBA_TABLESPACES;

         SYSTEM   RBS     TEMP     TOOLS    USERS

三、將USERS表空間DROP

svrmgrl> ALTER TABLESPACE USERS OFFLINE;

svrmgrl> DROP TABLESPACE USERS;

四、查看表空間的空余大小

svrmgrl> SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,SUM(BYTES)/1024/1024 MB 

           FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME;



TABLESPACE_NAME                       MB

------------------------------ ---------

DD_DATA                        1136.3672

DD_IDX                         787.18164

JX_DATA                        827.94531

JX_IDX                         503.16016

RBS                             371.9668

SYSTEM                         457.81445

TEMP                           1499.9961

TOOLS                          36.462891



五、查看數據文件放置的路徑

svrmgrl> SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,BYTES/1024/1024 MB,FILE_NAME 

         FROM DBA_DATA_FILES;

TABLESPACE_NAME                       MB FILE_NAME

------------------------------ --------- ---------------

SYSTEM                               500 /dev/rdrd/drd4

RBS                                  500 /dev/rdrd/drd14

RBS                                 1000 /dev/rdrd/drd15

RBS                                  500 /dev/rdrd/drd32

TOOLS                                 50 /dev/rdrd/drd5

TEMP                                1000 /dev/rdrd/drd22

TEMP                                 500 /dev/rdrd/drd23

JX_DATA                              500 /dev/rdrd/drd33



六、對應SYSTEM表空間有一個回退段，為SYSTEM，另有一些回退段是屬於RBS的，

    先將RBS下的回退段都OFFLINE，並DROP，然後將RBS表空間DROP並重新創建，

    最後，創建回退段。回退段4個，每個大小為RBS/4，這個值可以當作OPTIMAL值，

    即等於INITIAL+NEXT*MAXEXTENTS



svrmgrl> ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT R01 OFFLINE;

svrmgrl> DROP ROLLBACK SEGMENT R01;

svrmgrl> alter tablespace rbs offline;

svrmgrl> drop tablespace rbs;

svrmgrl> Create TABLESPACE "RBS" DATAFILE 

         '/dev/rdrd/rbs01.ora' SIZE 500M,

         '/dev/rdrd/rbs02.ora' SIZE 500M;

svrmgrl> CREATE ROLLBACK SEGMENT "R01" TABLESPACE "RBS" 

         STORAGE ( INITIAL 200M NEXT 2M OPTIMAL 250M 

                   MINEXTENTS 2 MAXEXTENTS 25);



七、查看回退段及表空間的狀態,若為ONLINE，即結束，為OFFLINE，要ONLINE

svrmgrl> select SEGMENT_NAME,TABLESPACE_NAME,status from DBA_ROLLBACK_SEGS;

svrmgrl> ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT R01 ONLINE;



八、臨時表空間TEMP，先DROP，再重建。

svrmgrl> alter tablespace temp offline;

svrmgrl> drop tablespace temp;

svrmgrl> CREATE TABLESPACE temp DATAFILE 

         '/dev/rdrd/drd22' SIZE 1000M storage (initial 300m next 20m 

         minextens 2 maxextents 35 pctincrease 0);



九、工具表空間TOOLS大小為50M足夠用，系統表空間SYSTEM為100M足夠用。



十、創建數據表空間：

    DD_DATA、DD_IDX、JX_DATA、JX_IDX、SF_DATA、SF_IDX、JF_DATA、JF_IDX



svrmgrl> CREATE TABLESPACE dd_data DATAFILE 

         '/dev/rdrd/drd9' SIZE 1000M,

         '/dev/rdrd/drd10' SIZE 1000M,

         '/dev/rdrd/drd26' SIZE 1000M,

         '/dev/rdrd/drd35' SIZE 1000M,

         '/dev/rdrd/drd42' SIZE 500M;



十一、創建用戶

svrmgrl> CREATE USER ddbh IDENTIFIED BY ddbh 

         DEFAULT TABLESPACE dd_data 

         TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp

         QUOTA UNLIMITED ON dd_data 

         QUOTA UNLIMITED ON dd_idx

         QUOTA UNLIMITED ON rbs

         QUOTA UNLIMITED ON temp;



十二、用戶權限

svrmgrl> grant connect,resources,imp_full_database,exp_full_database,

         create public synonym,drop public synonym to ddbh;



     若要查看V$SESSION，KILL SESSION, DROP USER,CREATE USER等,則



svrmgrl> grant select on v_$session to public;

svrmgrl> grant alter system,drop user,create user to "*******";