在.NET的項目中，有時候需要獲取計算機的硬件的相關信息，在C#語言中需要利用ManagementClass這個類來進行相關操作。
現在先來介紹一下ManagementClass類，首先看一下類的繼承結構：
現在看一下MSDN對ManagementClass類的解釋，對表示一個通用信息模型 (CIM) 管理類。 管理類是 WMI 類，如 Win32_LogicalDisk, ，該類型可表示一個磁盤驅動器，並 Win32_Process, ，它表示的進程 Notepad.exe 等。 此類的成員可以訪問 WMI 數據，使用一個特定的 WMI 類路徑。
一. 接下來我們來看一下ManagementClass類中一些較為常用的方法的源碼：
1.GetInstances（）：此方法存在四個重載
下面提供一下GetInstances(EnumerationOptions options)重載版本的代碼：
public ManagementObjectCollection GetInstances(EnumerationOptions options)
{
if ((null == Path) || (null == Path.Path) || (0 == Path.Path.Length))
throw new InvalidOperationException();
Initialize ( false );
IEnumWbemClassObject enumWbem = null;
EnumerationOptions o = (null == options) ? new EnumerationOptions() : (EnumerationOptions)options.Clone();
o.EnsureLocatable = false; o.PrototypeOnly = false;
SecurityHandler securityHandler = null;
int status = (int)ManagementStatus.NoError;
try
{
securityHandler = Scope.GetSecurityHandler();
status = scope.GetSecuredIWbemServicesHandler(Scope.GetIWbemServices() ).CreateInstanceEnum_(ClassName,
o.Flags,
o.GetContext(),
ref enumWbem
);
}
finally
{
if (securityHandler != null)
securityHandler.Reset();
}
if (status < 0)
{
if ((status & 0xfffff000) == 0x80041000)
ManagementException.ThrowWithExtendedInfo((ManagementStatus)status);
else
Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(status);
}
return new ManagementObjectCollection(Scope, o, enumWbem);
}
2.Get()：
下面提供一下Get()重載版本的代碼：
public ManagementObjectCollection Get()
{
Initialize ();
IEnumWbemClassObject ew = null;
SecurityHandler securityHandler = scope.GetSecurityHandler();
EnumerationOptions enumOptions = (EnumerationOptions)options.Clone();
int status = (int)ManagementStatus.NoError;
try
{
if ((query.GetType() == typeof(SelectQuery)) &&
(((SelectQuery)query).Condition == null) &&
(((SelectQuery)query).SelectedProperties == null) &&
(options.EnumerateDeep == true))
{
enumOptions.EnsureLocatable = false; enumOptions.PrototypeOnly = false;
if (((SelectQuery)query).IsSchemaQuery == false)
{
status = scope.GetSecuredIWbemServicesHandler( scope.GetIWbemServices() ).CreateInstanceEnum_(
((SelectQuery)query).ClassName,
enumOptions.Flags,
enumOptions.GetContext(),
ref ew);
}
else
{
status = scope.GetSecuredIWbemServicesHandler(scope.GetIWbemServices() ).CreateClassEnum_(((SelectQuery)query).ClassName,
enumOptions.Flags,
enumOptions.GetContext(),
ref ew );
}
}
else
{
enumOptions.EnumerateDeep = true;
status = scope.GetSecuredIWbemServicesHandler(scope.GetIWbemServices() ).ExecQuery_(
query.QueryLanguage,
query.QueryString,
enumOptions.Flags,
enumOptions.GetContext(),
ref ew );
}
}
catch (COMException e)
{
//
ManagementException.ThrowWithExtendedInfo(e);
}
finally
{
securityHandler.Reset();
}
if ((status & 0xfffff000) == 0x80041000)
{
ManagementException.ThrowWithExtendedInfo((ManagementStatus)status);
}
else if ((status & 0x80000000) != 0)
{
Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(status);
}
return new ManagementObjectCollection(scope, options, ew);
}
3.GetSubclasses（）：此方法存在四個重載版本
下面提供一下GetSubclasses(EnumerationOptions options)重載版本的代碼：
public ManagementObjectCollection GetSubclasses(EnumerationOptions options)
{
if (null == Path)
throw new InvalidOperationException();
Initialize ( false ) ;
IEnumWbemClassObject enumWbem = null;
EnumerationOptions o = (null == options) ? new EnumerationOptions() : (EnumerationOptions)options.Clone();
o.EnsureLocatable = false; o.PrototypeOnly = false;
SecurityHandler securityHandler = null;
int status = (int)ManagementStatus.NoError;
try
{
securityHandler = Scope.GetSecurityHandler();
status = scope.GetSecuredIWbemServicesHandler( Scope.GetIWbemServices() ).CreateClassEnum_(ClassName,
o.Flags,
o.GetContext(),
ref enumWbem);
}
finally
{
if (securityHandler != null)
securityHandler.Reset();
}
if (status < 0)
{
if ((status & 0xfffff000) == 0x80041000)
ManagementException.ThrowWithExtendedInfo((ManagementStatus)status);
else
Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(status);
}
return new ManagementObjectCollection(Scope, o, enumWbem);
}
以上是對ManagementClass類的部分誰明，此類型的所有公共靜態成員都是線程安全的。不保證所有實例成員都是線程安全的。
二.ManagementClass類的部分應用：
1.獲得CPU編號
/// <summary>
/// 獲得CPU編號
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetCpuid()
{
var cpuid = string.Empty;
var mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_Processor");
var moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach (var o in moc)
{
var mo = (ManagementObject) o;
cpuid = mo.Properties["ProcessorId"].Value.ToString();
}
return cpuid;
}
2.獲取硬盤序列號
/// <summary>
/// 獲取硬盤序列號
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetDiskSerialNumber()
{
//這種模式在插入一個U盤後可能會有不同的結果，如插入我的手機時
var hDid = string.Empty;
var mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_DiskDrive");
var moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach (var o in moc)
{
var mo = (ManagementObject) o;
hDid = (string)mo.Properties["Model"].Value;
//這名話解決有多個物理盤時產生的問題，只取第一個物理硬盤
break;
}
return hDid;
}
3.獲取網卡硬件地址
/// <summary>
/// 獲取網卡硬件地址
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetMacAddress()
{
var mac = "";
var mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration");
var moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach (var o in moc)
{
var mo = (ManagementObject) o;
if (!(bool) mo["IPEnabled"]) continue;
mac = mo["MacAddress"].ToString();
break;
}
return mac;
}
4.獲取IP地址
/// <summary>
/// 獲取IP地址
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetIpAddress()
{
var st = string.Empty;
var mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration");
var moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach (var o in moc)
{
var mo = (ManagementObject) o;
if (!(bool) mo["IPEnabled"]) continue;
var ar = (Array)(mo.Properties["IpAddress"].Value);
st = ar.GetValue(0).ToString();
break;
}
return st;
}
5.操作系統的登錄用戶名
/// <summary>
/// 操作系統的登錄用戶名
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetUserName()
{
return Environment.UserName;
}
6.獲取計算機名
/// <summary>
/// 獲取計算機名
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetComputerName()
{
return Environment.MachineName;
}
7.操作系統類型
/// <summary>
/// 操作系統類型
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetSystemType()
{
var st = string.Empty;
var mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_ComputerSystem");
var moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach (var o in moc)
{
var mo = (ManagementObject) o;
st = mo["SystemType"].ToString();
}
return st;
}
8.物理內存
/// <summary>
/// 物理內存
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetPhysicalMemory()
{
var st = string.Empty;
var mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_ComputerSystem");
var moc = mc.GetInstances();
foreach (var o in moc)
{
var mo = (ManagementObject) o;
st = mo["TotalPhysicalMemory"].ToString();
}
return st;
}
9.顯卡PNPDeviceID
/// <summary>
/// 顯卡PNPDeviceID
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetVideoPnpid()
{
var st = "";
var mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select * from Win32_VideoController");
foreach (var o in mos.Get())
{
var mo = (ManagementObject) o;
st = mo["PNPDeviceID"].ToString();
}
return st;
}
10.聲卡PNPDeviceID
/// <summary>
/// 聲卡PNPDeviceID
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetSoundPnpid()
{
var st = string.Empty;
var mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select * from Win32_SoundDevice");
foreach (var o in mos.Get())
{
var mo = (ManagementObject) o;
st = mo["PNPDeviceID"].ToString();
}
return st;
}
11.CPU版本信息
/// <summary>
/// CPU版本信息
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetCpuVersion()
{
var st = string.Empty;
var mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select * from Win32_Processor");
foreach (var o in mos.Get())
{
var mo = (ManagementObject) o;
st = mo["Version"].ToString();
}
return st;
}
12.CPU名稱信息
/// <summary>
/// CPU名稱信息
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetCpuName()
{
var st = string.Empty;
var driveId = new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select * from Win32_Processor");
foreach (var o in driveId.Get())
{
var mo = (ManagementObject) o;
st = mo["Name"].ToString();
}
return st;
}
13. CPU制造廠商
/// <summary>
/// CPU制造廠商
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetCpuManufacturer()
{
var st = string.Empty;
var mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select * from Win32_Processor");
foreach (var o in mos.Get())
{
var mo = (ManagementObject) o;
st = mo["Manufacturer"].ToString();
}
return st;
}
14.主板制造廠商
/// <summary>
/// 主板制造廠商
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetBoardManufacturer()
{
var query = new SelectQuery("Select * from Win32_BaseBoard");
var mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher(query);
var data = mos.Get().GetEnumerator();
data.MoveNext();
var board = data.Current;
return board.GetPropertyValue("Manufacturer").ToString();
}
15.主板編號
/// <summary>
/// 主板編號
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetBoardId()
{
var st = string.Empty;
var mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select * from Win32_BaseBoard");
foreach (var o in mos.Get())
{
var mo = (ManagementObject) o;
st = mo["SerialNumber"].ToString();
}
return st;
}
16.主板型號
/// <summary>
/// 主板型號
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetBoardType()
{
var st = string.Empty;
var mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select * from Win32_BaseBoard");
foreach (var o in mos.Get())
{
var mo = (ManagementObject) o;
st = mo["Product"].ToString();
}
return st;
}
以上的獲取硬件信息的方法可以直接封裝在一個類中，可以在項目中直接引用，這樣可以加快項目的開發速度。
