最近在做webapp小項目的開發,涉及到微信的分享(分享到朋友圈/發送給朋友等)
元旦之前就基本上完成功能開發了,當時微信並未開放分享等API
於是用了網上找到的一些方法去實現,但是元旦左右就不能再正常使用了
前幾天微信官方上線了JS SDK以及文檔說明,地址:http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/7/aaa137b55fb2e0456bf8dd9148dd613f.html
主要步驟如下:
1、通過appid和appsecret獲取access_token;
2、通過access_token獲取jsapi_ticket;
3、實現簽名算法;
4、初始化wx.config參數信息;
5、在wx.ready內進行相關API調用
雖然相比之前調用起來麻煩了一些,但是更安全穩定,於是馬上對之前的代碼做了調整,分享如下
【部分代碼基於項目的基類,如緩存和日志等,此處不貼出,比較簡單,可自己實現】
以下是後台代碼部分:
/*
*nextuntil
*微信JS SDK調用簡單封裝
*2015-01-12
*/
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;
using KK.Utility;
using KK.Utility.Extensions;
namespace M {
public static class WeixinHelper {
#region Get請求的簡單封裝
/// <summary>發起GET請求</summary>
/// <param name="url">請求URL</param>
/// <param name="errmsg">錯誤信息</param>
/// <param name="parameters">請求參數</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string Get(string url, out string errmsg, Dictionary<string, object> parameters) {
errmsg = null;
var strUrl = new StringBuilder(url);
if (parameters != null && parameters.Count > 0) {
//拼接參數
strUrl.Append("?");
foreach (KeyValuePair<string, object> keyValuePair in parameters) {
strUrl.AppendFormat("{0}={1}&",
HttpUtility.UrlEncode(keyValuePair.Key, Encoding.UTF8),
HttpUtility.UrlEncode(keyValuePair.Value.ToString(), Encoding.UTF8));
}
strUrl.Remove(strUrl.Length - 1, 1);//移除最後一位多出的“&”
}
var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(strUrl.ToString());
request.Method = "GET";
request.Timeout = 10000;
try {
var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
using (Stream stream = response.GetResponseStream()) {
if (stream != null) {
var reader = new StreamReader(stream);
return reader.ReadToEnd();
}
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
errmsg = "請求異常:" + ex.Message;
}
return null;
}
#endregion
#region SHA1加密算法
/// <summary>
/// SHA1加密算法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="str">要加密的字符串</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string GetSha1Str(string str) {
byte[] strRes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str);
HashAlgorithm iSha = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider();
strRes = iSha.ComputeHash(strRes);
var enText = new StringBuilder();
foreach (byte iByte in strRes) {
enText.AppendFormat("{0:x2}", iByte);
}
return enText.ToString();
}
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// 獲取調用JS SDK時所需的access_token
/// 文檔地址:http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/15/54ce45d8d30b6bf6758f68d2e95bc627.html
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string GetAccessToken() {
//獲取access_token在2小時內有效,由於1天內獲取次數有限制(2000次),因此緩存2小時
return KK.Cache.MyCache.Instance.Get<string>("wxapi/jssdk/accesstoken", () => {
string errmsg;
string apiUrl = string.Format("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid={0}&secret={1}", Utils.GetAppId(), Utils.GetAppSecret());
string responseStr = Get(apiUrl, out errmsg, null);
if (responseStr == null) {
KK.Core.Log.TraceLogger.Info("獲取access_token失敗,響應內容為空", null);
} else {
var dic = responseStr.JSONDeserialize<Dictionary<string, object>>();
if (dic.ContainsKey("access_token")) {
return dic["access_token"];
} else {
KK.Core.Log.TraceLogger.Info("獲取access_token失敗,響應內容:" + responseStr, null);
}
}
return null;
}, 120);
}
/// <summary>
/// 獲取調用JS SDK時所需的票據
/// 文檔地址:http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/7/aaa137b55fb2e0456bf8dd9148dd613f.html#.E9.99.84.E5.BD.951-JS-SDK.E4.BD.BF.E7.94.A8.E6.9D.83.E9.99.90.E7.AD.BE.E5.90.8D.E7.AE.97.E6.B3.95
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string GetJsApiTicket() {
//獲取的ticket在2小時內有效,由於1天內獲取次數有限制(2000次),因此緩存2小時
return KK.Cache.MyCache.Instance.Get<string>("wxapi/jssdk/jsapiticket", () => {
string errmsg;
string apiUrl = string.Format("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token={0}&type=jsapi", GetAccessToken());
string responseStr = Get(apiUrl, out errmsg, null);
if (responseStr == null) {
KK.Core.Log.TraceLogger.Info("獲取ticket失敗", null);
} else {
var dic = responseStr.JSONDeserialize<Dictionary<string, object>>();
if (dic.ContainsKey("ticket")) {
return dic["ticket"];
}
}
return null;
}, 120);
}
/// <summary>
/// JS SDK使用權限簽名算法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="jsapiTicket">The jsapi_ticket.</param>
/// <param name="url">The URL.</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static Dictionary<string, string> Sign(string jsapiTicket, string url) {
string nonceStr = Guid.NewGuid().ToString().Replace("-", "");
string timestamp = ConvertHelper.DateToUnix(DateTime.Now,2).ToString();
string str = string.Format("jsapi_ticket={0}&noncestr={1}×tamp={2}&url={3}", jsapiTicket, nonceStr, timestamp, url);
string signature = GetSha1Str(str);//SHA1加密
return new Dictionary<string, string>{
{"url", url},
{"jsapi_ticket", jsapiTicket},
{"noncestr", nonceStr},
{"timestamp", timestamp},
{"signature", signature}
};
}
}
}
網頁代碼[我的項目是webform]:
<script src="http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.0.0.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<%
string jsapiTicket = M.WeixinHelper.GetJsApiTicket();
Dictionary<string, string> dic = M.WeixinHelper.Sign(jsapiTicket, Request.Url.AbsoluteUri);
%>
wx.config({
debug: true,
appId: '你的appid',
timestamp: <%=dic["timestamp"]%>,
nonceStr: '<%=dic["noncestr"]%>',
signature: '<%=dic["signature"]%>',
jsApiList: [
'onMenuShareTimeline',
'onMenuShareAppMessage',
'onMenuShareQQ',
'onMenuShareWeibo'
]
});
wx.ready(function() {
wx.onMenuShareTimeline({
title: '分享標題',
link: '鏈接地址',
imgUrl: '圖片地址',
success: function () {
// 用戶確認分享後執行的回調函數
},
cancel: function () {
// 用戶取消分享後執行的回調函數
}
});
});
</script>
程序調試過程中也碰到一些小問題,不知道大家有沒有解決方案:
1、發送給好友的自定義內容中,描述信息是否能換行(一般是摘要,不考慮,如果是名片,希望可以分行顯示,已試過<br>和\r\n等,均無效);
2、分享的URL不能是重寫過的URL(開啟調試,提示簽名無效,調試多次發現是URL的問題)