I'm a new Ubuntu Linux user. How do I install the LEMP stack on an Ubuntu Linux 14.04 LTS server using command line options to serve dynamic web apps?
You may see it on cyberciti.biz or visit the Ubuntu home page at ubuntu.com.
Nginx is one of the robust web server in Linux world. Nginx is a free, open source, high performance HTTP server and reverse proxy, as weell as an IMAP/POP3 proxy server. Now, we are going to install Nginx web server.
First, make sure system is upto date:
$ sudo apt-get update
#1 - Download and Install Nginx
The easiest way to download and install Nginx is using apt-get command. Here is the command:
$ sudo apt-get install nginx
Fig.01: Download and Install Nginx on Ubuntu Linux
Once it get done, you can open your browser and type url http://localhost or http://your_ip_address to test it. If everything goes normal, you will see Nginx welcome page:
Fig.02: Welcome nginx page on Ubuntu Linux
MySQL is one of the most powerful database management system in Linux world. Next, we are going to install it with PHP support.
Type the following command:
$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server php5-mysql
Fig.03: Ubuntu Linux Install MySQL to Manage Site Data with PHP
Once mysql installation finished, we can test it. Open your console and type the following command:
$ mysql -u root -p
Fig.04: Ubuntu test Mysql installation
If we are going to use MySQL as a production database, we may want to secure it. MySQL provides a shell script to help us securing it. Just type the following command on your console:
$ sudo mysql_secure_installation
1. Enter your root password
Enter your current root password to continue to the next step.
Fig.05: MySQL enter your root db password
If you want to change it, press Y. Otherwise, press N.
Fig.06: MySQL security
It is recommended to remove anonymous user to mitigate risk who can log in into your database.
Fig.07: MySQL security
To make sure that no one remote your database as root from another machines, we need to disallow root login remotely.
Fig.08: MySQL security
Sometimes some MySQL installation will create a database named ëtestí for testing purpose. We can remove it if we donít use it.
Fig.09: MySQL security
Then we need to reloading the privilege tables to ensure all changes made so far will take effect immediately.
Fig.10: MySQL security
Fig.11: MySQL security
Since PHP is popular, a lot of websites is built using PHP language. As of January 2013, PHP was installed on more than 240 millions websites. Now we are going to install PHP on Ubuntu 14.04
As usual, we can download and install PHP using apt-get command. Just type the following command on your Ubuntu console or over the ssh based session:
$ sudo apt-get install php5-fpm
Fig.12: Install PHP for Server Side Processing on Ubuntu
Now we have all components installed. The next step is we need to configure Nginx with PHP and MySQL. Let's start to configure them.
PHP5-FPM configuration file is located at /etc/php5/fpm/php.ini. Open it with your text editor
$ sudo vi /etc/php5/fpm/php.ini
cgi.fix_pathinfo=1
cgi.fix_pathinfo=0
$ sudo service php5-fpm restart
Nginx configuration file is located at /etc/nginx/nginx.conf. But basically, we don't need to touch it. The configuration of nginx website is located in /etc/nginx/sites-available/default file.
location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
# # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini
#
# # With php5-cgi alone:
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# # With php5-fpm:
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi_params;
}
Then restart the services.
$ sudo service nginx restart
$ tail /var/log/nginx/error.log
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock
location ~ \.php$ {
After the configuration section is done, now we need to test them to make sure that our configuration is working as required. On Ubuntu 14.04 the root document folder is located in /usr/share/nginx/html. So create a file called /usr/share/nginx/html/phpinfo.php with the following code:
[php] view plaincopyAfter restarting PHP-FPM and Nginx, open the browser and browse to the php file, we got only a blank screen. No error message on the screen. No error message on PHP-FPM and Nginx log file.
And then open the browser again and type url http://your_ip_address/phpinfo.php
To enable short php tag, we need to change the value of short_open_tag parameter on php.ini file:
sudo service php5-fpm restart
Then try again to test your phpinfo file. Next, we will see if the MySQL support is enabled or not. Scroll down the php configuration screen on your browser, if you see MySQL block there, then MySQL support already enabled.
You are now ready to use Nginx, PHP5 and MySQL on Ubuntu server. I hope this quick article help anyone who wish to install Linux, Nginx, PHP and MySQL on Ubuntu 14.04.
