6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP
mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/PHP.ini [eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/PHP/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="64"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
7、創建www用戶和組，以及供 www.freeopens.com虛擬主機使用的目錄
/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/www
chmod +w /data0/htdocs/www
chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/www
8、創建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是為PHP打的一個FastCGI管理補丁，可以平滑變更php.ini配置而無需重啟PHP-CGI）
rm -f /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/PHP-fpm.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/PHP-fpm.conf
輸入以 下內容（如果您安裝Nginx+PHP用於程序調試，請將以下的
<value name="display_errors">0</value>
改為
<value name="display_errors">1</value>
以便顯示PHP錯誤信息，否則，Nginx 會報狀態為500的空白錯誤頁）：
<?XML version="1.0" ?>
<configuration>
All relative paths in this config are relative to PHP's install prefix
<section name="global_options">
Pid file
<value name="pid_file">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/PHP-fpm.pid</value>
Error log file
<value name="error_log">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/PHP-fpm.log</value>
Log level
<value name="log_level">notice</value>
When this amount of PHP processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...
<value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value>
... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.
Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.
<value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value>
Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master
<value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value>
Set to 'no' to debug fpm
<value name="daemonize">yes</value>
</section>
<workers>
<section name="pool">
Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.
<value name="name">default</value>
Address to accept fastCGI requests on.
Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'
<value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value>
<value name="listen_options">
Set listen(2) backlog
<value name="backlog">-1</value>
Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.
In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.
Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
<value name="owner"></value>
<value name="group"></value>
<value name="mode">0666</value>
</value>
Additional PHP.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.
<value name="PHP_defines">
<value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>
<value name="display_errors">0</value>
</value>
Unix user of processes
<value name="user">www</value>
Unix group of processes
<value name="group">www</value>
Process manager settings
<value name="pm">
Sets style of controling worker process count.
Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'
<value name="style">static</value>
Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.
Equivalent to apache MaxClIEnts directive.
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original PHP.fCGI
Used with any pm_style.
<value name="max_children">128</value>
Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style
<value name="apache_like">
Sets the number of server processes created on startup.
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
<value name="StartServers">20</value>
Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
<value name="MinSpareServers">5</value>
Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
<value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value>
</value>
</value>
The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated
Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason
'0s' means 'off'
<value name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value>
The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a PHP backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file
'0s' means 'off'
<value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value>
The log file for slow requests
<value name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value>
Set open file desc rlimit
<value name="rlimit_files">65535</value>
Set max core size rlimit
<value name="rlimit_core">0</value>
Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path
<value name="chroot"></value>
Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path
<value name="chdir"></value>
Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.
If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs
<value name="catch_workers_output">yes</value>
How much requests each process should execute before respawn.
Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party librarIEs.
For endless request processing please specify 0
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
<value name="max_requests">1024</value>
Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clIEnts that allowed to connect.
Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original PHP.fCGI (5.2.2+)
Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.
<value name="allowed_clIEnts">127.0.0.1</value>
Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH
All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment
<value name="environment">
<value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>
<value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>
<value name="TMP">/tmp</value>
<value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value>
<value name="TEMP">/tmp</value>
<value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>
<value name="MACHTYPE">$MacHTYPE</value>
<value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value>
</value>
</section>
</workers>
</configuration>
9、啟動PHP-CGI進程，監聽127.0.0.1的 9000端口，進程數為128（如果服務器內存小於3GB，可以只開啟64個進程），用戶為www：
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/PHP-fpm start
注：/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm還有其他參數，包括：start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate，修改php.ini後不重啟PHP-CGI，重新加載配置文件使用reload。
這裡會根據你給的虛擬機的內存大小出現錯誤提示：
Starting PHP_fpm eAccelerator: Could not allocate 67108864 bytes, the maximum size the kernel allows is 33554432 bytes. Lower the amount of memory request or increase the limit in /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax.
PHP Warning: [eAccelerator] Can not create shared memory area in Unknown on line 0
PHP Fatal error: Unable to start eAccelerator module in Unknown on line 0
Failed
這個大概意思就是說內存不足，導致啟動不了，沒有關系，因為我們還沒有對其進行優化，優化後，就會正常了。我們繼續，先不理會這個提示！
四、安裝Nginx 0.8.36
1、安裝Nginx所需的pcre庫
tar zxvf pcre-8.01.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.01/
./configure
make && make install
cd ../
2、安裝Nginx
tar zxvf nginx-0.8.36.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.36/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
make && make install
cd ../
3、創建Nginx日志目錄 mkdir -p /data1/logs
chmod +w /data1/logs
chown -R www:www /data1/logs
4、創建Nginx配置文件
①、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目錄中創建 nginx.conf文件：
rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
輸入以下內容：
user www www;
worker_processes 8;
error_log /data1/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;
#SpecifIEs the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events use epoll;
worker_connections 65535; http include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#charset gb2312;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
clIEnt_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_clIEnt_header_buffers 4 32k;
clIEnt_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastCGI_connect_timeout 300;
fastCGI_send_timeout 300;
fastCGI_read_timeout 300;
fastCGI_buffer_size 64k;
fastCGI_buffers 4 64k;
fastCGI_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastCGI_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-Javascript text/CSS application/XML;
gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
server listen 80;
server_name blog.s135.com;
index index.Html index.htm index.PHP;
root /data0/htdocs/blog;
#limit_conn crawler 20;
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ #fastCGI_pass unix:/tmp/PHP-CGI.sock;
fastCGI_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastCGI_index index.PHP;
include fCGI.conf; location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ expires 30d; location ~ .*\.(JS|CSS)?$ expires 1h; log_format Access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /data1/logs/access.log Access; server listen 80;
server_name www.freeopens.com;
index index.Html index.htm index.PHP;
root /data0/htdocs/www;
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ #fastCGI_pass unix:/tmp/PHP-CGI.sock;
fastCGI_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastCGI_index index.PHP;
include fCGI.conf; log_format wwwlogs '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
Access_log /data1/logs/wwwlogs.log wwwlogs; }
②、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目錄中創建fCGI.conf文件
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fCGI.conf
輸入以下內容：
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastCGI_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
fastCGI_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastCGI_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastCGI_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastCGI_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastCGI_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastCGI_script_name;
fastCGI_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastCGI_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastCGI_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastCGI_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastCGI_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastCGI_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastCGI_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastCGI_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastCGI_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
5、啟動Nginx
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
五、配置開機自動啟動Nginx + PHP + MySQL
vi /etc/rc.local
把下面的內容增加到 exit 0的上面，這個地方一定要注意，是在exit 0的上面，放到下面的話，就不會啟動了！！
/data0/mysql/3306/MySQL start
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/PHP-fpm start
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
六、相關軟件的重新啟動
如果說你改了nginx的配置文件，就要用下面的命令，使配置生效
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 檢查參數
kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid` 平滑重啟
如果說你改了 PHP.ini就要用下面的命令，使配置生效
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/PHP-fpm reload 重新加載 MySQL數據庫重新啟動
/data0/mysql/3306/MySQL restart
七、優化Linux 內核參數
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
在末尾增加以下內容
# Add
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
net.core.Netdev_max_backlog = 32768
net.core.somaxconn = 32768
net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retrIEs = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retrIEs = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800
#net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
#net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535
使 配置立即生效
/sbin/sysctl -p
八、在小內存服務器上的配置優化
1、Nginx 的主配置文件（nginx.conf）優化
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf #Nginx每個進程耗費10M~12M內存，這裡只開啟一個Nginx進程，節省內 存。
worker_processes 1;
#對網頁文件、CSS、 JS、XML等啟動gzip壓縮，減少數據傳輸量，提高訪問速度。
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-Javascript text/CSS application/XML;
gzip_vary on;
location ~ .*\.(php|PHP5)?$ #將Nginx與FastCGI的通信方式由TCP改為Unix Socket。TCP在高並發訪問下比Unix Socket穩定，但Unix Socket速度要比TCP快。
fastCGI_pass unix:/tmp/PHP-CGI.sock;
#fastCGI_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastCGI_index index.PHP;
include fCGI.conf; location ~ /read.PHP #將Nginx與FastCGI的通信方式由TCP改為Unix Socket。TCP在高並發訪問下比Unix Socket穩定，但Unix Socket速度要比TCP快。
fastCGI_pass unix:/tmp/PHP-CGI.sock;
#fastCGI_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastCGI_index index.PHP;
include fCGI.conf; #博 客的圖片較多，更改較少，將它們在浏覽器本地緩存15天，可以提高下次打開我博客的頁面加載速度。
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ expires 15d; #博客會加載很多Javascript、CSS，將它們在浏覽器本地緩存1天，訪問者在看完一篇文章或一頁後，再看另一篇文件或另一頁的內容，無需從服務器再次下載相同的JavaScript、CSS，提高了頁面顯示速度。
location ~ .*\.(JS|CSS)?$ expires 1d;
}
2、PHP（FastCGI）的配置優化
PHP.ini 配置文件中關於eAcelerator的優化。只使用1M共享內存，刪除所有在最後3600秒內無法存取的腳本緩存，用磁盤輔助進行緩存。
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/PHP.ini
根 據內容增加或者修改
eaccelerator.shm_size="1"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"
eaccelerator.keys = "disk_only"
eaccelerator.sessions = "disk_only"
eaccelerator.content = "disk_only"
PHP-fpm.conf 的配置優化
vim /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/PHP-fpm.conf
一是修改以下一行，將啟動的 PHP-CGI進程數由原來的128個改為5個：
<value name="max_children">5</value>
二是修改以下一行，將TCP模式改為 Unix Socket模式：
<value name="listen_address">/tmp/PHP-CGI.sock</value> 3、MySQL配置優化 vi /data0/MySQL/3306/my.cnf
根據自己的情況改吧
[clIEnt]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/MySQL.sock
[MySQL]
prompt="(\u:s135:)[\d]> "
no-auto-rehash
[MySQLd]
user = MySQL
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/MySQL.sock
basedir = /usr/local/webserver/MySQL
datadir = /usr/local/webserver/MySQL/data
open_files_limit = 600
back_log = 20
max_connections = 100
max_connect_errors = 200
table_cache = 60
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 16M
sort_buffer_size = 128K
join_buffer_size = 128K
thread_cache_size = 10
thread_concurrency = 8
query_cache_size = 0M
query_cache_limit = 2M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
default_table_type = MyISAM
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = READ-UNCOMMITTED
tmp_table_size = 512K
max_heap_table_size = 32M
/usr/local/webserver/MySQL/data/slow.log
/usr/local/webserver/MySQL/data/error.log
long_query_time = 1
log_long_format
server-id = 1
#log-bin = /usr/local/MySQL/data/binlog
binlog_cache_size = 2M
max_binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_size = 512M
expire_logs_days = 7
key_buffer_size = 4M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 2M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 4M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover
[MySQLdump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
九、每天定時切割Nginx日志
1、創建腳本/usr/local /webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
輸入以下內容
#!/bin/bash
# This script run at 00:00
# The Nginx logs path
logs_path="/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/"
mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")
mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/Access_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log
kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`
2、設置crontab，每天凌晨00:00切割nginx訪問日志
crontab -e
增加以下內容
00 00 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
如果有任何編譯方面的錯誤提示，大家可能參考一下我的第一版文章http://www.freeopens.com /2010_03_855.Html
在這裡面涉及到一些，希望對大家有用！
