從AWR中的TOP 5等待來看:
<span style="font-size:12px;">Top 5 Timed Events Avg %Total
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ wait Call
Event Waits Time (s) (ms) Time Wait Class
------------------------------ ------------ ----------- ------ ------ ----------
latch: cache buffers lru chain 774,812 140,185 181 29.7 Other
gc buffer busy 1,356,786 61,708 45 13.1 Cluster
latch: object queue header ope 903,456 55,089 61 11.7 Other
latch: cache buffers chains 360,522 49,016 136 10.4 Concurrenc
gc current grant busy 112,970 19,893 176 4.2 Cluster
------------------------------------------------------------- </span>
可以看到,TOP 5中,有3個是latch相關的等待,而另外2個則是跟RAC相關的等待。
<span style="font-size:12px;"> Avg
%Time Total Wait wait Waits
Event Waits -outs Time (s) (ms) /txn
---------------------------- -------------- ----- ----------- ------- ---------
latch: cache buffers lru cha 774,812 N/A 140,185 181 1.9
gc buffer busy 1,356,786 6 61,708 45 3.3
latch: object queue header o 903,456 N/A 55,089 61 2.2
latch: cache buffers chains 360,522 N/A 49,016 136 0.9
gc current grant busy 112,970 25 19,893 176 0.3
gcs drm freeze in enter serv 38,442 97 18,537 482 0.1
gc cr block 2-way 1,626,280 0 15,742 10 3.9
gc remaster 6,741 89 12,397 1839 0.0
row cache lock 52,143 6 9,834 189 0.1 </span>
從上面的數據還可以看到,除了TOP 5等待,還有”gcs drm freeze in enter server mode“以及”gc remaster”這2種比較少見的等待事件,從其名稱來看,明顯與DRM有關。那麼這2種等待事件與TOP 5的事件有沒有什麼關聯?。MOS文檔”Bug 6960699 – “latch: cache buffers chains” contention/ORA-481/kjfcdrmrfg: SYNC TIMEOUT/ OERI[kjbldrmrpst:!master] [ID 6960699.8]”提及,DRM的確可能會引起大量的”latch: cache buffers chains”、”latch: object queue header operation”等待,雖然文檔沒有提及,但不排除會引起”latch: cache buffers lru chain“這樣的等待。<span style="font-size:12px;">_gc_affinity_time=0 _gc_undo_affinity=FALSE </span>不幸的是,這2個參數是靜態參數,也就是說必須要重啟實例才能生效。
<span style="font-size:12px;">_gc_affinity_limit=250 _gc_affinity_minimum=10485760 </span> 甚至可以將以上2個參數值設置得更大。這2個參數是立即生效的,在所有的節點上設置這2個參數之後,系統不再進行DRM,經常一段時間的觀察,本文描述的性能問題也不再出現。 下面是關閉DRM之後的等待事件數據:
<span style="font-size:12px;">Top 5 Timed Events Avg %Total
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ wait Call
Event Waits Time (s) (ms) Time Wait Class
------------------------------ ------------ ----------- ------ ------ ----------
CPU time 15,684 67.5
db file sequential read 1,138,905 5,212 5 22.4 User I/O
gc cr block 2-way 780,224 285 0 1.2 Cluster
log file sync 246,580 246 1 1.1 Commit
SQL*Net more data from client 296,657 236 1 1.0 Network
-------------------------------------------------------------
Avg
%Time Total Wait wait Waits
Event Waits -outs Time (s) (ms) /txn
---------------------------- -------------- ----- ----------- ------- ---------
db file sequential read 1,138,905 N/A 5,212 5 3.8
gc cr block 2-way 780,224 N/A 285 0 2.6
log file sync 246,580 0 246 1 0.8
SQL*Net more data from clien 296,657 N/A 236 1 1.0
SQL*Net message from dblink 98,833 N/A 218 2 0.3
gc current block 2-way 593,133 N/A 218 0 2.0
gc cr grant 2-way 530,507 N/A 154 0 1.8
db file scattered read 54,446 N/A 151 3 0.2
kst: async disk IO 6,502 N/A 107 16 0.0
gc cr multi block request 601,927 N/A 105 0 2.0
SQL*Net more data to client 1,336,225 N/A 91 0 4.5
log file parallel write 306,331 N/A 83 0 1.0
gc current block busy 6,298 N/A 72 11 0.0
Backup: sbtwrite2 4,076 N/A 63 16 0.0
gc buffer busy 17,677 1 54 3 0.1
gc current grant busy 75,075 N/A 54 1 0.3
direct path read 49,246 N/A 38 1 0.2 </span>
自己理解:DRM(Dynamic Resource Management)理論上實現了對非master的節點提升為master節點,可以減少跨節點資源訪問,但是卻帶來了更多的問題。假如一個rac集群中有兩個節點,節點2在空閒時段cache了一張很大很大的表,到了業務繁忙時段,節點1需要訪問該表,如果沒有DRM,則會從存儲中訪問,但是如果有了DRM,就會在節點2中找到該cache資源,從節點2的cache中將該資源傳到節點1,這樣的話就會消耗大量的帶寬,從而消耗了很多資源。