Python Basics_ Classes and objects (II)

'''
Classes and objects
I understand. , But it's a little hard to use
Concepts of classes and objects
class ： Of the same kind of transaction   Abstract description
object ： Conforming to class description   Concrete existence

Functional encapsulation   function -
Why should we encapsulate it into a function class ？   --- whole ： Properties and functions （ Behavior ）

First of all Defining classes / Implementation class
Generating objects
'''
class Class name （ Hump ）：
    attribute
    Method （ function （ function ））
self : It's the object itself
Example method ： The first parameter is self

If you want to create objects at the same time , Customize the properties of the object
initialization ： Magical function  __init__
When you create objects for colleagues , Automatically call .
Class is optional

Class properties ： Defined directly in the class , Not in any instance method
Class behavior ： Function plus @classmethod   The parameter defaults to cls   cls Represents the class itself
        Can pass cls Access the properties of a class , But you cannot access instance properties
        
# Instance properties are preferred    
Instance attributes ：self. Property name
Example method ： The first parameter is self
    Instances can access class properties , Class method
'''
# The second instance is initialized
# Defining classes
class Dog:     # Class name
    # kind = None
    # kind = ' String '     # Class properties   In this way, class attributes are written to death , No matter how many objects , The attributes are all this
    kind = ' Dog '    # Class properties All objects are the same
    # name , Varieties , Age

    def __init__(self, name, age, kind):  # initialization   Given the parameters
        self.name = name     # Specific parameters
        self.age = age       # Specific parameters
        self.kind = kind     # Specific parameters

    @classmethod    # Decorator , Declared as a class method
    def set_kind(cls):   # cls Represents the current class , You can access class properties
        print(' I'm a kind of behavior ！！！')
        print(cls.kind)   # Access class properties
        # print(cls.name)  # But you cannot access instance properties

    # It's called - Method
    def bark(self):   # self It's the object itself   Class methods use functions
        print(' Wang Wang Wang Wang ....')
        print(self.name)

    # eat - Method
    def eat(self):  # Class methods use functions
        print(' Dog food ...')

    # run - Method
    def run(self):  # Class methods use functions
        print(self.name,' Run up ...')   #

    # sleep - Method
    def sleep(self):  # Class methods use functions
        print(' To go to sleep! ')

# At the same time of instantiation , call __init__ There are several parameters , When instantiating, you need to give several parameters
cqg = Dog(' String ','3 Months and a half ',' The half-blood ')    # cqg Namely Dog An object of class   self Namely cqg
print('cqg The name of the object ：',cqg.name)     # Instantiate and print out the name
cqg.run()     # Direct call method
print(cqg.name)  # Accessing class properties through instances
# print(Dog.name)  # Instance properties cannot be accessed through classes
cqg.set_kind()    # Instance calls class methods
Dog.set_kind()   # Class calls class methods

print('**************************************************')
you_jm = Dog(' Small gold ','1 year ',' Golden hair ')   # self Namely you_jm
print('you_jm The name of the object ：',you_jm.name)
you_jm.run()     # Direct call method

Homework after class
# 4、 Define a login test case class Case
# attribute ： Use case name
# Use case step
# Expected results
# The actual result
# Method ： Run case 、 Use case results ( Compare whether the expected result is equal to the actual result )
# Instantiation 2 Test cases , And run the use case , Present use case results
print('************************************* Fourth question **********************************************************')
class Case:   # Define a class

    use_account = 'woshijinyao300'    # Define a class property - Account name
    use_password = '12345678'         # Define a class property - password

    def __init__(self,case_name,account_name,password,expected):       # Initialize instance properties
        self.case_name = case_name       # Specific instance properties - Use case name
        self.account_name = account_name   # Specific instance properties - Account name
        self.password = password            # Specific instance properties - password
        self.expected = expected              # Specific instance properties - Expected results
        self.actual = None                      # Specific instance properties - The actual result is unknown , Empty first

    # Method 1： Run case
    def case(self):         # Example method
        print(' Run test cases ：{}\n user name ：{}, password ：{}, The expected result is ：{}'.
              format(self.case_name,self.account_name,self.password,self.expected))
        if self.use_account == self.account_name and self.use_password == self.password:
            self.actual = ' Login successful ！'
            print(' The actual result is ：',self.actual)
        else:
            self.actual = ' Login failed ！'
            print(' The actual result is ：', self.actual)

    # Method 2： Use case results ( Compare whether the expected result is equal to the actual result )
    def Compare(self):      # Example method
        if self.actual == self.expected:               # If the actual result be equal to Expected results
            print(' Use case pass ')       # Then the use case passes
        else:                     # conversely If the actual result It's not equal to Expected results
            print(' Use case failure ')      # The use case fails

# Instantiation 2 Test cases , And run the use case , Present use case results
print('******************************************** The first use case *****************************************************')
test01 = Case(' Normal login ','woshijinyao300','12345678',' Login successful ！')    # Login with the correct account password
test01.case()            # Object name （test01） Invoking an instance method （case）, Give execution
test01.Compare()         # Object name （test01） Invoking an instance method （Compare）, Give execution

print('******************************************** The second use case *****************************************************')
test02 = Case(' Wrong password login ','woshijinyao300','123458',' Login failed ！')    # Wrong password login
test02.case()            # Object name （test02） Invoking an instance method （case）, Give execution
test02.Compare()         # Object name （test02） Invoking an instance method （Compare）, Give execution

# 5、 Encapsulate a student class Student,( Determine whether it is defined as a class attribute or an instance attribute , Methods are defined as instance methods )
# -   attribute ： identity ( Student ), full name , Age , Gender , English scores , Math scores , Chinese achievement ,
# -   Method 1 ： Calculate the total score , Method 2 ： Calculate the average score of the three subjects , Method 3 ： Print student's personal information ： My name is XXX, Age ：xxx, Gender ：xxx.
# Instantiation 1 A student , And print students' personal information , Calculate the total score .
print('************************************* Fifth question **********************************************************')
print('************************************ The first method ********************************************************')
class Student:    # Define a student class name

    def __init__(self,student,name,age,gender,English_results,math_results,chinese_results):    # Initialize parameters 7 Instance properties
        self.student = student         # Specific parameter name
        self.name = name               # Specific parameter name
        self.age = age                 # Specific parameter name
        self.gender = gender           # Specific parameter name
        self.English_results = English_results      # Specific parameter name
        self.math_results = math_results            # Specific parameter name
        self.chinese_results = chinese_results      # Specific parameter name

    # Calculate the total score    - Method 1
    def sum_score(self):      # Class methods use functions
        return self.English_results + self.math_results + self.chinese_results     # return 3 The total value of academic achievements

    # Calculate the average score of the three subjects    - Method 2
    def average_score(self):     # Class methods use functions
        return (self.English_results + self.math_results + self.chinese_results) / 3       # return 3 The average grade of a subject

    # Print student's personal information ： My name is XXX, Age ：xxx, Gender ：xxx   - Method 3
    def personal_info(self):          # Class methods use functions
        print(' My identity is :{}, My name is :{}, Age :{}, Gender is :{}, The English score is :{}, What's the math score :{}, The grade of Chinese is :{}, The total score is :{}, The average is ：{:.2f}'.
              format(self.student,self.name,self.age,self.gender,self.English_results,self.math_results,
                     self.chinese_results,member.sum_score(),member.average_score()))         # Print personal information , Using functions

# instantiate , call __init__ Yes 7 Parameters , At the time of instantiation 7 Parameters
member = Student(' Student ',' Little ',20,' male ',97,57,60)    # member Namely Studer An object of class   self Namely member
member.personal_info()    # Call object （member） To access class properties （personal_info）

print('************************************ The second method ********************************************************')
class Student:     # Define a class
    student = ' Student '    # Define a class property - Student

    def __init__(self,name,age,gender,English_results,math_results,chiese_results):  # Initialize instance properties
        self.name = name       # Define instance properties - full name
        self.age = age         # Define instance properties - Age
        self.gender = gender    # Define instance properties - Gender
        self.English_results = English_results      # Define instance properties - English scores
        self.math_results = math_results            # Define instance properties - Math scores
        self.chiese_results = chiese_results        # Define instance properties - Chinese achievement

    # Method 1 ： Calculate the total score -- Example method
    def sum_score(self):
        total_score = self.English_results + self.math_results + self.chiese_results
        print(' My total score is ：{}'.format(total_score))

    # Method 2 ： Calculate the average score of the three subjects -- Example method
    def average_score(self):
        ave = (self.English_results + self.math_results + self.chiese_results) / 3
        print(' My average score of three subjects is ：{}'.format(ave))

    # Method 3 ： Print student's personal information ： My name is XXX, Age ：xxx, Gender ：xxx-- Example method
    def personal_info(self):
        print(' My personal information ： My name is ：{}, Age is ：{}, Gender is ：{}'.format(self.name,self.age,self.gender))

# Instantiation 1 A student , And print students' personal information , Calculate the total score .
# instantiate , call __init__ Yes 6 Instance properties , At the time of instantiation 6 Attributes
member = Student(' Little ','25',' male ',90,85,86)
member.personal_info()   # Object name （member） Invoking an instance method （personal_info）, Give execution
member.sum_score()        # Object name （member） Invoking an instance method （sum_score）, Give execution
member.average_score()     # Object name （member） Invoking an instance method （average_score）, Give execution