Application practice of Python selenium actionchains Library (simulated mouse hover) and select Library (hierarchical menu selection)

selenium Is a browser automation testing framework , You can control the browser , Imitate human browsing , Operate the web , To get the data , Automatic operation, etc .

following 3 A practice video ： https://weibo.com/2203755810

#1:
selenium Log in to Baidu homepage , Pause the next program , Join in sleep(), The purpose is to complete the complete loading of the home page , I'm going to set it to 3.

#2:
There is a on the main page ” Set up “ The option to , When the mouse clicks on ” Set up “ On , Its hierarchical menu will pop up , Here's the picture 1 .

open HTML Source code , Find out " Set up ” It is written in a Not self closing span label in , Other hierarchical menus , Nested in One div Block area of label in , Each hierarchical menu , Is an independent with hyperlinks a label , Here's the picture 2

So in this hierarchical menu , If you want to locate a related element , Only by positioning , You can't use Select Method of library （ Below Select The library example will mention ）, Otherwise Here's the picture 3 The error of .

Through the first ActionChains Of move Method , Move to “ Set up ” On the location option located , Then locate “ Advanced search ”, Last use ActionChains Of click Method implementation options “ Advanced search ”, eject Here's the picture 4 The dialog , The last set sleep(), Set it to 3.

ActionChians There are many other ways , For details, please refer to the official brochure , Or use its library help tips to see , Here's the picture 5, There are two specific pop-up methods , One is Press “Ctrl” Then move the mouse to The name of the library , Will automatically become a hyperlink with a finger , The other is , Database name highlight after , Hyperlinks to help tips will pop up , Here's the picture 6

#3:
stay “ Advanced search ”, First position “ Include all keywords ”, Here's the picture 7, then adopt send_keys() Method , Enter what you want to search .

Then locate “ All the time ”, Here's the picture 8, Re pass click() Method to open the drop-down hierarchical menu . For example, to select “ In the latest week ”, First locate this option .
according to Element Of Show , Each sub option is an independent p label, And they all have the same Property name class And property values c-select-item. Here's the picture 9

meanwhile , We also see that These p label Are nested in class= c-select-dropdown-list Of div label Next . If you want to position “ In the latest week ”, There are two ways .

(1) First position class= c-select-dropdown-list Of div label, And then through the loop , use index Methods , select " In the latest week ” Of label

(2) another , It is through CSS Selectors , Direct one-step positioning , Like the following code .

It's positioned “ In the latest week ” after , adopt click() Method , Click to select , Set up sleep(), Set it to 3, Suspend the next procedure .

#4:
location “ Advanced search ” （ That is to say submit ), then click() Click on , Finally, create a new search results page , Here's the picture 10

notes ： ActionChians Method , Finally, remember to add to perform() Method to execute

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from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
import time

#1
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.get(‘https://www.baidu.com’)
time.sleep(3)

#2
ActionChains(browser).move_to_element(browser.find_element_by_id(‘s-usersetting-top’)).perform()

ActionChains(browser).click(browser.find_element_by_link_text(‘ Advanced search ’)).perform()
time.sleep(3)


#3

adv_input = browser.find_element_by_id(‘adv_keyword’)
adv_input.send_keys(‘testing’)

time_zone = browser.find_element_by_class_name(‘c-select-selected-value’)

time_zone.click()
time.sleep(3)

last_week = browser.find_element_by_css_selector(’#adv-setting-gpc > div > div.c-select-dropdown > div.c-select-dropdown-list > p:nth-child(3)’)

last_week.click()
time.sleep(3)


#4

adv_search = browser.find_element_by_class_name(‘advanced-search-btn’)

adv_search.click()

2. Sina application ：

#1:
selenium Log in to Sina Homepage , Also join sleep() Let the web page have enough time to load completely .

#2：
On the web , There were “ picture ”,“ special column ”,“ hotspot ” 3 Plates

If you click with the mouse “ picture ” and “ special column ” Location , Another page will pop up , But point to “ hotspot " But there was no . Because according to Element structure ,“ picture ”,“ special column " All have something to do with href hyperlink a label , The hot spots are only span label, So I went to ” hotspot ”, There is no automatic jump to another page , Here's the picture 1

Direct use CSS Selectors , to “ hotspot ” location , And then use ActioanChians Of move() Method , Move the positioning position .

#3：
For example, choose “ hotspot ” The next 2 A picture , Direct use CSS The selector locates the picture first , Here's the picture 2, Last use ActionChains Of click() Method to open a hyperlink to an image .

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from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
import time

#1

browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.get(‘https://www.sina.com.cn’)
time.sleep(3)

#2

ActionChains(browser).move_to_element(browser.find_element_by_css_selector(‘body > div.main > div.part-a.clearfix > div.part-a-m > div.mod-04.uni-blk > div.uni-blk-t.clearfix > div > div > span:nth-child(3)’)).perform()

#3

ActionChains(browser).click(browser.find_element_by_css_selector(’#fc_B_hot > div > a:nth-child(2)’)).perform()

notes ： ActionChians Method , Finally, remember to add to perform() Method to execute

3. Select library , Drop down hierarchical menu mouse hover application

#1:
Log in to the relevant homepage , With http://www.edu0574.com/nbuckcj.asp For example , Join in sleep() Let the web page have enough time to load completely .

#2:
“ Examination date ” There is a drop-down hierarchical menu item , First position it .
according to Element structure , notice It's a select label, Each sub option is an independent option label, And with value Property value , Are nested in select label in , Here's the picture 1

#3:
Last use Select Library select_by_value（） Method , To select the desired item , for example 2019 .

Select garage , There are other ways , for example by_index() by_visible_text wait , Specific search methods , Like above ActionChains The library lookup method is the same .

Select The library is suitable for most hierarchical menus with pull-down , But it depends on Element structure , Not everything is OK , With Take Sina as an example

On Sina's homepage , There is one “ Journalism ” Of The drop-down menu , stay Element In structure , This element The same is Based on a select label, Each option of the hierarchical menu , It's also an independent option label, And there are value Property value , But because in select label in , There is a non visual setting ,style=“display: none;” Here's the picture 2,, Cause if you use Select library , There will be an error : element not interactable : Element is not currently visible and may not be manipulated, It means selenium Detected positioned element The non visual property is set , Here's the picture 3

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from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
import time

#1:
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.get(‘http://www.edu0574.com/nbuckcj.asp’)
time.sleep(2)


#2:
option = browser.find_element_by_name(‘kspc’)

#3:
Select(option).select_by_value(‘2019’)